{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T16:54:31Z","timestamp":1772038471227,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2011\u2010E71004\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011\u2010E71004\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012\u2010E71005\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\u2010E71005\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are limited data on the association between obstructive sleep apnea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>), which is characterized by intermittent hypoxia, and male\u2010pattern baldness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>). Low blood iron levels are reportedly associated with hypoxia and hair loss. This study explored a possible link among<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>, iron status, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Polysomnography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSG<\/jats:styled-content>) and hair assessments were conducted in a cross\u2010sectional study including 932 men aged 46\u201376\u00a0years.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>was defined as an apnea\u2010hypopnea index \u22655 by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSG<\/jats:styled-content>evaluation and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>as scales from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VII<\/jats:styled-content>according to the Norwood\u2010Hamilton scale classification. Serum transferrin saturation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSA<\/jats:styled-content>) levels were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 224 men (24%) were identified as<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>cases and 495 men (53%) as having<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>. After considering potential risk factors,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>and other sleep\u2010related variables were not associated with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>. In joint analysis of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>and family history of hair loss, men with these two factors showed a sevenfold higher multivariate odds ratio (95% confidence interval: 3.70, 12.56) for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>than those without both of them (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 for the interaction between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>and family history of hair loss).<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSA<\/jats:styled-content>levels were significantly associated with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>cases without<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>as well as<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>cases showed lower<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSA<\/jats:styled-content>levels than those with neither<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>nor<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>may be a risk factor for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>in men who have a family history of hair loss and that low serum<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSA<\/jats:styled-content>levels associated with hypoxia may be involved in a pathway linking<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T14:33:51Z","timestamp":1535121231000},"page":"67-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Obstructive sleep apnea, low transferrin saturation levels, and male\u2010pattern baldness"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9524-4344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inkyung","family":"Baik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Foods and Nutrition College of Science and Technology Kookmin University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SeungKu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genomic Study Korea University Ansan Hospital Ansan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chol","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genomic Study Korea University Ansan Hospital Ansan Korea"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Ansan Hospital Korea University College of Medicine Ansan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7162.865"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"523","article-title":"Male pattern baldness and clinical prostate cancer in 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