{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:24:25Z","timestamp":1787012665400,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]],"date-time":"2018-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acne vulgaris (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the most common disorders treated by dermatologists and other healthcare providers. Stress is a well\u2010attested contributor to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content> pathogenesis. However, to our knowledge, stress management has not yet been performed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content> patients. In this 8\u2010week experimental study, we primarily examined the effectiveness of a novel method, dubbed Pythagorean Self\u2010Awareness Intervention (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSAI<\/jats:styled-content>) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a two\u2010armed 1 : 1 randomized non\u2010blind experimental study. The total sample was comprised of 15 female patients in the intervention group (mean age 27.2 \u00b1 6.6) and 15 female patients in the control group (mean age 29.1 \u00b1 6.9), all women. Measurements included clinical stage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>, acne\u2010related quality of life, perceived stress, and positive and negative affect assessed by validated self\u2010administered tools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen (93.3%) patients in the intervention group and four (26.7%) patients in the control group showed improvement of the acne stage (relative risk: 3.5, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.5\u20138.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Significant improvements remained after adjusting for age and baseline acne stage. Large to moderate significant effects were observed for perceived stress and negative affect. There were no dropouts and side effects in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSAI<\/jats:styled-content> group, whereas compliance reached 100%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pythagorean Self\u2010Awareness Intervention is a feasible and possibly effective stress management method for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>. Future larger and longer randomized controlled studies are strongly encouraged.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]],"date-time":"2018-09-19T09:30:20Z","timestamp":1537349420000},"page":"218-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A novel cognitive stress management technique for acne vulgaris: a short report of a pilot experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Foteini","family":"Chatzikonstantinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Course Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Miskedaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Course Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital, School of Medicine National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Chatzikonstantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Department Lewisham University Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Chrousos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Course Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1878-3440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Darviri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Course Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2011.1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0231"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2016.75070"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2016.74059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2018.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639809160698"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05218.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.14227","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.14227","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:56:35Z","timestamp":1694652995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.14227"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.14227"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.14227","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-06-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}