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Its epidemiology is evolving, notably because of immigration, anthropization of natural areas, and new microbiological methods<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> Our first objective was to update epidemiological data. Our second objective was to look for risk factors of ACL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This multicentric study was conducted from October 2017 to June 2018 in French Guiana. Patients with suspicion of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were included in case of positive smear, culture, or PCR\u2010RFLP on skin biopsy<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and twenty\u2010three patients met the inclusion criteria. Among those patients, 59.3% were Brazilian, mostly gold miners. Most of them (58%) were between 16 and 40 years old, and\u00a069% were male. A large proportion of patients lived in traditional wooden houses (51%). Patients living in coastal towns were usually infected during trips to the primary forest (60%) and had a shorter time to diagnosis than workers of the hinterland. Among environmental risk factors, the presence of a water spring (40%) and dogs around houses (40%) were frequently reported. <jats:italic>Leishmania guyanensis<\/jats:italic> represented 80% of\u00a0cases, followed by <jats:italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/jats:italic> (6%), <jats:italic>Leishmania naiffi<\/jats:italic> (2%), and <jats:italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/jats:italic> (1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gold mining and trips to the primary forest represent high\u2010risk situations for ACL in French Guiana, where the population of infected patients is dominated by Brazilian immigrants. Possible environmental risk factors such as the presence of dogs, water sources, and traditional wooden houses require further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T09:29:40Z","timestamp":1568626180000},"page":"1323-1328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Loiseau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de M\u00e9decine G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles Pointe\u2010\u00e0\u2010Pitre Guadeloupe France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecile","family":"Nabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Leishmanioses Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie\u2010Mycologie H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephane","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Ginouves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Brousse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00f4le des Centres D\u00e9localis\u00e9s de Pr\u00e9vention et de Soins Centre Hospitalier Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Blanchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Leishmanioses Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie\u2010Mycologie H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Demar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Leishmanioses Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie\u2010Mycologie H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Couppie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Leishmanioses Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Service de Dermatologie H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3695-6824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Blaizot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equipe EA3593 Ecosyst\u00e8mes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale Universit\u00e9 des Antilles et de la Guyane Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Leishmanioses Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"},{"name":"Service de Dermatologie H\u00f4pital Andr\u00e9e Rosemon Cayenne French Guiana France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00136-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.Leishmaniasis[Internet]. 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