{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:15:05Z","timestamp":1747185305836,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]],"date-time":"2019-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25\u2010 HL084665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25\u2010 HL084665"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) represents a heterogeneous collection of non\u2010Hodgkin lymphomas originating in the skin. Our study describes the clinical and histological findings of cutaneous lymphoma within Botswana to expand the paucity of data on this rare disease in sub\u2010Saharan Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective review from the dermatology clinic at Princess Marina Hospital (Gaborone, Botswana) of patients evaluated by skin biopsy for cutaneous lymphoma between 2008 and 2017. Patients with initial diagnostic suspicion for cutaneous lymphoma had biopsies re\u2010reviewed by experienced dermatopathologists and were given a final diagnosis of either (i) cutaneous lymphoma, (ii) atypical lymphocytic infiltrate (ALI), or (iii) a reactive cutaneous process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010eight cases were identified with a mean age of 50.0\u00a0years and a male:female (M:F) ratio of 13:6. Final diagnoses included: 27 cases of cutaneous lymphoma, eight cases of ALI, and three cases of reactive cutaneous processes. Subtypes of cutaneous lymphoma diagnosed included: mycosis fungoides (MF) (81.5%), plasmablastic lymphoma (7.4%), Epstein\u2010Barr virus\u2010positive T\u2010cell lymphoma (3.7%), subcutaneous panniculitis\u2010like T\u2010cell lymphoma (3.7%), and peripheral T\u2010cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (3.7%). The most common immunohistochemical staining profile in MF cases was CD8 predominance over CD4.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary cutaneous lymphoma causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Given the limited resources in sub\u2010Saharan Africa, it is essential to educate providers on the manifestations and histology of PCL. This study is an important step towards understanding the demographics, clinical presentation, histologic features, and mortality of patients diagnosed with PCL in Botswana and similar low\u2010resource settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]],"date-time":"2019-10-24T17:19:29Z","timestamp":1571937569000},"page":"352-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A retrospective review of cutaneous lymphoma in Botswana"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3554-6180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olaf","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Sowash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medstar Georgetown University Hospital Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen I.","family":"Mosojane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Marina Hospital Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tlotlo","family":"Ralefala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Marina Hospital Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surbhi","family":"Grover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Marina Hospital Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Botswana\u2010University of Pennsylvania Partnership Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Haun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrie","family":"Kovarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3842-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Botswana\u2010University of Pennsylvania Partnership Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-09-3502"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-184168"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.06.043"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12885"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03461.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2013.0038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Sezary's syndrome. 4 cases observed at the University Hospital Center of Treichville (Abidjan, Ivory Coast)","volume":"51","author":"Toutoukpo Y","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Trop (Mars)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Mycosis fungoides in a Gabonese patient infected with HTLV\u2010I","volume":"56","author":"Perret JL","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Trop (Mars)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Problems in the management of mycosis fungoides in Nigeria","volume":"43","author":"Campbell OB","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","DOI":"10.4137\/CCRep.S15724"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2400956"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14963"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890350051009"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2015.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/290685","article-title":"Current and emerging therapeutics for cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma: histone deacetylase inhibitors","volume":"2012","author":"Rodd AL","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lymphoma"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.14690","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.14690","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ijd.14690","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.14690","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T05:54:49Z","timestamp":1694152489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.14690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.14690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.14690","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0011-9059"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-4632"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}