{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:19:59Z","timestamp":1791285599365,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]],"date-time":"2020-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis (TFFD) is an acquired pigmentation disorder that promptly regresses after applying isopropyl alcohol 70%. The clinical presentation ranges from patches of brownish discoloration to velvety hyperkeratotic plaques. Critical analyses of current data are lacking, so etiologies, pathogenesis, and disease associations are still debated in the literature. A literature search was done in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify the published papers reporting clinical cases of TFFD. Of 102 papers screened, 64 met the including criteria. Overall, the records of 256 patients presenting a mean age of 18.34\u00a0years and a female:male ratio of 1:37 were reviewed. The present article aims to provide a key point\u2010summary regarding the clinical outcome, associated comorbidities, pathogenesis, histopathology, dermoscopy, and therapeutic modalities of TFFD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]],"date-time":"2020-12-06T04:39:58Z","timestamp":1607229598000},"page":"933-943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3026-2434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Sechi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Patrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Savoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Leuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2827-409X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alba","family":"Guglielmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iria","family":"Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660290031009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5505\/vtd.2019.79037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2018.30.4.499"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D32110028962"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ejdv.ejdv_35_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7241\/ourd.20163.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.0503a08"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12974"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12938"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12241"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis in a child","volume":"17","author":"Pavlovi\u0107 MD","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-016-0519-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2011.01422.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12505"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2175"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Duncan's dermatosis: from the \u201cterra firma\u2010forme\u201d to a possible syndromic condition. The story of a dirty disease","volume":"31","author":"Unal E","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.95455"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"e35","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis mimicking livedo racemosa","volume":"102","author":"Walker CH","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.13738","article-title":"Reticular hyperpigmentation on the trunk and flexures of the extremities in a 16\u2010year\u2010old boy","volume":"17","author":"Winkler JK","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Terra\u2010firma forme dermatosis: report of three cases","volume":"53","author":"Arif T","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk Arch Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2019.3505","article-title":"Penile terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis in a child: ultrastructural observation and topical ethacridine lactate and tacrolimus treatment","volume":"29","author":"Chen HS","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis of the inguinal fold: Duncan's dirty dermatosis mimicking groin dermatoses","volume":"1","author":"Cohen PR","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open J Clin Med Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1860"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Could Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis induce eczematous halo dermatitis? An hypothesis","volume":"155","author":"Trave I","year":"2018","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.150075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2011.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13807"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.2016.16.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2017.29.1.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199711000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Bilateral brown plaques behind the ears","volume":"102","author":"Mattessich S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2008.06933_supp.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000885"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.169742"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2012.02597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25251\/skin.3.3.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D34D8916Z4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1997.tb01138.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","first-page":"318","article-title":"A case of terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis treated with CO2 laser","volume":"69","author":"Yun JW","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.18827\/etad.04082","article-title":"The early onset case of terra firma forme dermatosis","volume":"13","author":"\u00d6zu\u011fuz P","year":"2015","journal-title":"T\u0131p Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2010.01220.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25251\/skin.3.6.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-303499"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"Linear terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis of the midline back","volume":"101","author":"Freemyer BD","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/sjdv-2018-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.2171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499897"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","first-page":"583","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis","volume":"19","author":"Filipa Oliveira Baptista J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2012.24.2.218"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7241\/ourd.20174.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","first-page":"1591c2","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis in childhood: two cases","volume":"9","author":"Kurtipek GS","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Turk Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","first-page":"1484c3","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis","volume":"8","author":"Cemil BC","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Turk Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7241\/ourd.20183.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2010.506669"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D3226031331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03516.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2016.28.3.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2017-134982"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Medical image. Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis","volume":"128","author":"Trowbridge E","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis: TWO cases","volume":"8","author":"Turkmen D","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2011.01818.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The clinical relevance of maintaining the functional integrity of the stratum corneum in both healthy and disease\u2010affected skin","volume":"4","author":"Del Rosso JQ","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2007.00272.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.106"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.15301","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ijd.15301","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.15301","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T13:43:46Z","timestamp":1697291026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.15301"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.15301"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.15301","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}