{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:56:51Z","timestamp":1791219411549,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mucocutaneous diseases (MCD) have been commonly described among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients before the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. There is limited data on the frequency and type of MCD in the cART era in African children and adolescents. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and spectrum of MCD in South African children and adolescents seropositive for HIV on cART.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study of 310 participants aged 0\u201319\u2009years attending a public sector ART clinic at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa, was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information was obtained from the participants and hospital records. Participants were examined. Data were collated and analyzed with SPSS version 23.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MCD were observed in 77.4% of HIV\u2010infected children. The prevalence was higher among males and adolescents above 16\u2009years old (83.9%). Infectious skin disorders (44.7%) were less common than noninfectious dermatoses (55.3%). More common disorders encountered included generalized pruritus (32.6%), fungal infections (20.9%), and inflammatory (20.4%) and pigmentary (20.4%) skin disorders. Tinea capitis and pedis were the most prevalent fungal infections, while oral candidiasis (0.2%) was the least. Inflammatory skin disorders and dyschromia appeared to be more common than in the pre\u2010cART era.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While MCD are still common in HIV\u2010infected children and adolescents in the cART era, the pattern and types of disorders have changed to a predominance of non\u2010infectious dermatoses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T17:20:49Z","timestamp":1627320049000},"page":"259-265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mucocutaneous diseases in the combined antiretroviral therapy era: prevalence and spectrum in HIV seropositive children and adolescents in Durban, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Chikodili N.","family":"Olomukoro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Garki Hospital Abuja Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ncoza C.","family":"Dlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilbert","family":"Sibanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Management Nelson Mandela University Port Elizabeth South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette V.","family":"Chateau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nelson R. 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