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There does not appear to be a consensus understanding of the underlying molecular events. This scoping review aimed to identify critical molecular pathways and highlight gaps in existing knowledge on malignant transformation in OLP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analysis Protocols (PRISMA\u2010P) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search and methodical screening identified 61 relevant studies detailing molecular differences between OLP and OSCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Molecular changes shared between OLP and OSCC included those affecting cellular proliferation (altered p53 expression, hypermethylation of p16\/CDKN2A, MYC gains, increased ki\u201067), apoptosis (increased bcl\u20102 and survivin expression), extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (increased matrix metalloproteinase [MMP] expression), and transcriptional control (altered bmi1 and microRNA [miRNA] expression). In addition, some molecular alterations accumulated incrementally from control to OLP to OSCC or were present in higher\u2010risk erosive variants of OLP or transformed OLP. Few studies included rigorous diagnostic inclusion criteria or unbiased discovery methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of this review support the potentially malignant nature of OLP and imply that molecular events associated with malignant transformation may be heterogeneous. In addition, findings in this review highlight the need for additional studies using rigorous diagnostic inclusion criteria and unbiased discovery methods to further understand this process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T15:25:08Z","timestamp":1652714708000},"page":"1227-1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The genomic and proteomic landscape in oral lichen planus versus oral squamous cell carcinoma: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5524-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN 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