{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:38:54Z","timestamp":1787168334955,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is associated with substantial morbidity. Few studies have addressed the natural history and mortality rates associated with HS. A higher risk of cardiovascular death in patients with HS has been reported. We investigated whether patients with HS have an increased overall risk of death compared with age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched referents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, with incident HS between January 1, 1980, and December 31, 2008, and age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched referents. The main outcomes and measures were the overall and cause\u2010specific risks of death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 226 incident cases of HS and 678 age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched referents among Olmsted County residents during the study period. Compared to referents, patients with HS had a significantly higher risk of all\u2010cause death (hazard ratio [HR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.53\u20134.03,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and cardiovascular\u2010 or cerebrovascular\u2010related death (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.10\u20137.40,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). However, these risks were attenuated by adjusting for smoking history: all\u2010cause HR, 1.65 (95% CI, 0.97\u20132.82,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.07) and cardiovascular\u2010 or cerebrovascular\u2010related HR, 2.03 (95% CI, 0.71\u20135.81,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.18). The 71% of patients were former or current smokers at the time of HS diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa patients have a substantially increased risk of death from any cause, including cardiovascular or cerebrovascular causes; the risk is especially dependent on smoking history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T04:30:38Z","timestamp":1663043438000},"page":"631-636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Long\u2010term risk of death in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"John J.","family":"Kohorst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin","family":"Ghanavatian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic  Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D. 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