{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T08:56:16Z","timestamp":1706000176452},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Long latency, lesions' multiplicity, high recurrence rate, and the tendency to malignant transformation are essential challenges during management. Traditional treatment modalities are known to be lesion\u2010directed while intralesional immunotherapy was introduced to act beyond individual lesions and to confront the previous challenges through injection of known antigens,\u00a0such as measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine, to stimulate the immune system against HPV. Needling\u2010induced autoinoculation is also considred as an immunotherapeutic procedure that does not include the injection of antigens. We evaluated the efficacy of needling\u2010induced autoinoculation in the management of genital warts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty patients with multiple recurrent (\u22654) genital warts were divided into two equal groups. One group was subjected to needling\u2010induced autoinoculation and the other was subjected to intralesional MMR injection every 2\u2009weeks for a maximum of three sessions. Follow\u2010up was done for 8\u2009weeks after the last session.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both needling and MMR showed statistically significant therapeutic outcome. Needling showed significant improvement with regard to the\u00a0number (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000) and size (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) of lesions. In parallel, MMR showed significant improvement with regard to the number (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and size (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021) of lesions. There was no statistically significant difference between both treatments outcomes in regard to number (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.860) and size (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.929) of lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both needling and MMR are effective immunotherapeutic modalities in management of genital warts. Needling\u2010induced autoinoculation, being more safe and inexpensive, may be considered as a competing choice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T12:55:19Z","timestamp":1684760119000},"page":"1050-1055","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of needling\u2010induced autoinoculation in the management of genital warts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Nehal M. Z.","family":"El\u2010fakkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekramy A.","family":"El\u2010Khateeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nourhan","family":"Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12352"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-019-00328-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.IJD_558_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijstd.IJSTD_44_16"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Intralesional immunotherapy with Measles Mumps Rubella vaccine for the treatment of anogenital warts: an open\u2010label study","volume":"13","author":"Sharma S","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_144_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-59-2-51"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm2020013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_809_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.144146"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_164_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.190487"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy533"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3182387abd"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.212563"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.129701"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/0003-0538-104.4.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_1033_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_228_20"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Autogenous vaccine therapy for condyloma acuminatum. A double\u2010blind controlled study","volume":"58","author":"Malison MD","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04617.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.16723","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T19:54:42Z","timestamp":1700682882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.16723"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.16723"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.16723","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}