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It has robust rheological properties that have been associated with its versatility. CaHA\/CMC is employed for both on\u2010label indications of filling wrinkles or lines, volumizing, and contouring of areas as well as off\u2010label indications aiming at biostimulation and skin tightening. However, despite the expanding use of CaHA\/CMC, overall evidence and recommendations for treatment are currently lacking. This paper aims to provide an up\u2010to\u2010date overview of CaHA\/CMC clinical applications, together with a level of evidence of supporting literature, focusing on the face. Based on the data, CaHA\/CMC may be considered a safe and effective treatment option for cheeks, jawline, HIV\u2010related facial lipoatrophy, and nasolabial folds. Treatment of marionette lines, chin, pre\u2010jowl, and corner of the mouth also tends to respond with a high degree of efficacy. Despite the recent trend, guidelines, and safety profile of diluted and hyperdiluted Radiesse<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, no randomized controlled trials have been published.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T07:40:31Z","timestamp":1698478831000},"page":"150-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A systematic review of Radiesse\/calcium hydroxylapatite and carboxymethylcellulose: evidence and recommendations for treatment of the face"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8221-6694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Guida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Dermatology Clinic IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan 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