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A systematic review was carried out from inception to June 2023, using the EMBASE, Medline, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library of Registered Trials databases. Eligible studies included placebo\u2010controlled randomized trials that investigated the incidence of infection in patients with a dermatologic indication. Primary outcomes included the most commonly reported infections pertaining to serious and opportunistic infections, upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis, herpes simplex, varicella zoster, tuberculosis, neutropenia, and lymphopenia. A meta\u2010analysis of incidence ratios was conducted to determine odds ratios (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) analysis. The meta\u2010analysis found no increased risk of serious (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.61\u20131.43, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.74) or opportunistic infections (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.32\u20131.31, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.23). The incidence of varicella\u2010zoster infections was significantly higher in the JAKi cohort (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.08\u20132.72, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022). From 25 studies, there was no overall increased risk of herpes simplex infections (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.93\u20132.23, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.102) to placebo; however, a significantly higher risk in those with atopic dermatitis to alopecia areata was demonstrated (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.13\u20132.69, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013). The results of this analysis do not suggest an increased risk of serious and opportunistic infections in those on JAKi compared to placebo. However, they support an increased risk of varicella\u2010zoster infections and a higher risk of herpes simplex infections in those with atopic dermatitis to alopecia areata. The results of this report support these agents' short\u2010term safety but signal that vigilance should be practiced in patients at risk for serious or recurrent herpes virus infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T03:35:06Z","timestamp":1728099306000},"page":"24-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Infection risk with JAK inhibitors in dermatoses: a meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2453-1917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick A.","family":"Ireland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Wales Hospital  Randwick NSW Australia"},{"name":"University of new South Wales  Randwick NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Verheyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney  Camperdown NSW Australia"},{"name":"John Hunter Hospital  Newcastle NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gold Coast University Hospital  Gold Coast QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deshan","family":"Sebaratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of new South Wales  Randwick NSW Australia"},{"name":"Liverpool Hospital  Liverpool NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of new South Wales  Randwick NSW Australia"},{"name":"Kingsway Dermatology and Aesthetics  Miranda NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.12.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14668","article-title":"JAK\u2010inhibitors in dermatology \u2013 small molecules, big impact? 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