{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:14:42Z","timestamp":1771326882677,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82373469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373469"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023J01592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J01592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bullous pemphigoid (BP) primarily affects the elderly and frequently coexists with ferroptosis\u2010related conditions, such as cardiovascular and immune\u2010mediated diseases. However, little is known about how ferroptosis affects BP formation. Here, we investigate the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of BP and its impact on disease prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single\u2010cell and bulk RNA\u2010seq were used to analyze ferroptosis driver gene expression in BP patients. We used quantitative reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2010PCR), immunofluorescence, and western blot assay to analyze ferroptosis relevant mRNA and proteins in the skin lesions. Western blot assay, flow cytometer, and iron assay were used to confirm ferroptosis involvement in BP blister fluid stimulated HaCaT cells. Enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection of ferroptosis related blood biomarkers to evaluate the disease prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ScRNA\u2010seq data of BP lesions showed abnormal trends in ferroptosis\u2010related genes GPX4, VDAC2, VDAC3. The decreased mRNA expression of GPX4, XCT, and FTH1, while increased levels of VDAC2, VDAC3 and TRFC were found in BP lesions. The similar results were observed in HaCaTs treated with blister fluid from BP patients. Additionally, BP serum levels of ferritin, transferrin, and ferroptosis\u2010related cytokines high mobility group box\u00a01 (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)\u20105, IL\u20106, IL\u201018, IL\u201031, and IL\u20101\u03b2 were elevated, which decreased following successful treatment. In\u00a0vitro, blister fluid promoted the production of above cytokines, enhanced total iron, Fe\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Moreover, serum ferritin levels showed significant correlation with the Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (BPDAI), anti\u2010180 antibody, and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of BP and may predict disease prognosis. Interventions targeting ferroptosis could be beneficial for the treatment of BP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T23:19:05Z","timestamp":1751066345000},"page":"2070-2079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Involvement of Ferroptosis in Bullous Pemphigoid Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5492-9443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiling","family":"Geng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuangwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity 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