{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T12:00:36Z","timestamp":1780660836244,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is caused by immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies targeting desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) and\/or desmoglein 1\u00a0(Dsg1). While antibody concentration is routinely used to assess disease activity, the role of antibody avidity in PV monitoring has not been elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty\u2010three consecutive, newly diagnosed, treatment\u2010na\u00efve patients with PV were enrolled in this retrospective\u2010prospective study. PV severity was assessed using the Pemphigus Disease Area Index (PDAI) and classified as mild (\u2264\u200915), moderate (&gt;\u200915, \u2264\u200945), or severe (&gt;\u200945). Anti\u2010Dsg3 and anti\u2010Dsg1 IgG antibodies' concentration and avidity were determined using conventional and urea\u2010modified enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Thirty\u2010three patients were re\u2010evaluated at the beginning of clinical remission. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to determine optimal cut\u2010off values and odds ratios (ORs) for anti\u2010Dsg3 concentration and avidity to distinguish active disease from remission, and mild from moderate\u2010to\u2010severe disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Anti\u2010Dsg3 avidity showed a stronger correlation with PDAI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.474,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than anti\u2010Dsg3 concentration (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.363,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). Anti\u2010Dsg1 concentration correlated with PDAI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.476,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), while anti\u2010Dsg1 avidity did not (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.216,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.141). Anti\u2010Dsg3 avidity was a better marker of disease severity than anti\u2010Dsg3 concentration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003 vs.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014). Among 13 patients in remission who were still anti\u2010Dsg3\u2010positive, avidity decreased more significantly than concentration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007 vs.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016). Avidity cut\u2010off of 25.46% distinguished active disease from remission (OR\u2009=\u20093.48), and avidity 35.02% threshold differentiated mild from moderate\/severe disease (OR\u2009=\u20096.36).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study to assess the correlation between PDAI and anti\u2010Dsg3\/anti\u2010Dsg1 avidity. Anti\u2010Dsg3 avidity showed the strongest positive correlation with PDAI, announcing the role of antibody avidity as a valuable biomarker in monitoring PV activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.70322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:29:47Z","timestamp":1770816587000},"page":"1410-1419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti\u2010Desmoglein 3 Avidity Correlates Better With Pemphigus Vulgaris Severity Than Anti\u2010Desmoglein 3 Concentration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3976-0173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Branislav","family":"Lekic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3014-4075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Branka","family":"Bonaci\u2010Nikolic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Immunology and Allergology  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4830-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovan","family":"Lalosevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7496-0587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragana","family":"Jovanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Immunology and Allergology  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9011-3396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dubravka","family":"Zivanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3926-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milos","family":"Nikolic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology  Belgrade Serbia"},{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31778-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2000.00624.x"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"872","article-title":"What Are the True Pathogenic Anti\u2010Desmoglein Antibodies?","volume":"95","author":"Muro Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Dermato\u2010Venereologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"873","article-title":"Response to the Letter to the Editor by Muro Et\u00a0al","volume":"95","author":"Hashimoto T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Dermato\u2010Venereologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00501-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2020.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319877243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312440057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-012-0702-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04132.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02593.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0868"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2012.1903"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-022-00823-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.006743"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2011.606444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.081570"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.01.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00779"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.65.e106945"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-020-00105-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Avidity of Selected Autoantibodies \u2010 Usefulness of Their Determination for Clinical Purposes","volume":"65","author":"Fialov\u00e1 L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiologie, Mikrobiologie, Imunologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-013-2330-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05040-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05926-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33489"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1361.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311406308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15030341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10929.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2013.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2019.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.06.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02715.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1557556"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.70322","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ijd.70322","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.70322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T11:04:35Z","timestamp":1780657475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.70322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.70322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.70322","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}