{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:55:47Z","timestamp":1785855347894,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the most common cause of hair loss in men and women, involves progressive follicular miniaturization and reduced hair density. Emerging evidence implicates the scalp microbiome as a potential modifier of this process. Preliminary evidence suggests alterations in microbial communities in patients with AGA compared to the general population, with the most robust finding being an enrichment of\n                    <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes,<\/jats:italic>\n                    particularly in males. Increases in\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and reductions in\n                    <jats:italic>Lawsonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    have also been described, though results are less consistent across studies, while\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    displays variable patterns. These microbial shifts parallel alterations in scalp sebum composition, such as elevated triglycerides and palmitic acid, that may favor growth of lipophilic microbes. Mechanistic insights from in\u00a0vitro studies and related inflammatory skin conditions indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are capable of generating free fatty acids and activating innate immune pathways, such as TLR2\u2010 and NLRP3\u2010associated signaling, leading to pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine production, potentially contributing to follicular stem cell apoptosis and hair follicle miniaturization. Although findings remain heterogenous, emerging evidence suggests microbial\u2013lipid\u2013immune interactions may contribute to AGA pathogenesis, providing a rationale for exploring treatments like ketoconazole or other lipid\u2010modulating interventions.\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/ijd70365-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.70365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T14:17:07Z","timestamp":1773411427000},"page":"1828-1837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Scalp Microbiome Alterations in Androgenetic Alopecia: Patterns and Emerging Mechanistic Insights"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8664-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc.  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8228-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Teasell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc.  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5510-9608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Liddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc.  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7187-7254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Economopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc.  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