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Illumina digital gene expression profiling was applied in two sample types \u2013 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) and synovial cells to compare the gene expression pattern between 17 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> and three control groups (six osteoarthritis patients, three ankylosing spondylitis patients and 17 healthy controls). Bioinformatics was performed on pathway analysis and protein\u2013protein interaction networks. Four novel genes from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s \u2013 <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DHRS<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTC<\/jats:styled-content>38<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAP<\/jats:styled-content>30<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPIN<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic> \u2013 were found to be associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> and further confirmed through quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction. Five new differentially expressed genes (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPYC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LIFR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLDN<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TADA<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZNRF<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic>) found in synovial cells were not confirmed. Pathway analyses revealed 10 significantly enriched pathways, and a protein\u2013protein interaction network analysis showed that four novel <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010derived genes were connected to previously reported genes by four intermediate genes. Therefore, we proposed that four newly identified PBMC\u2010derived genes could be integrated with previously reported RA\u2010associated genes to monitor and\/or diagnose RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T02:40:50Z","timestamp":1491360050000},"page":"107-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["New genes associated with rheumatoid arthritis identified by gene expression profiling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6894-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Qianfoshan Hospital  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Shenzhen Second People's Hospital  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Vitamin A: The key to immune tolerance in the gut","volume":"26","author":"Ash M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1013699998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05911","article-title":"Genome\u2010wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls","volume":"447","author":"Bentley D.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.030759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01661"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.34.21790"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780381103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780381104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.9.11.11844"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvh108"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"S55","article-title":"The pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Lydyard P. 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