{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:23:11Z","timestamp":1790234591476,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the genetic basis of ankylosing spondylitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>) and polyarthralgia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>) conditions among Indian subjects through genotyping two immune regulatory genes <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 (\u2212159C&gt;T) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> (\u2212173G&gt;C) and find their association with the expression levels of three circulating inflammatory mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s. This investigation may provide early genetic cause of these two forms of arthritis and more optimal biological targets to predict early therapeutic outcomes. A total of 140 patients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>: 70 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>: 70) and 156 controls were recruited from Indian population. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> genotyping was performed using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARMS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. Expression level of three inflammatory mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s (mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010146a, mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010155 and mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010181) was quantified using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>. C\/T genotype of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 gene was found to cause 2.06\u2010fold risk of developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.06\u20135.98, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04) as compared to others and G\/C genotype in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> also shown significant variation between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> and control subjects. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> subjects, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 genotypes (C\/T) was found to be associated with disease susceptibility and G\/C genotype of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> gene polymorphism showed 4.71\u2010fold risk of developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.58\u20138.62, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.0001). The study also revealed significant upregulation of mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010155 expression in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> subjects (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.0001) with more than 1.3\u2010fold difference between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> as compared to the control subjects. mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010155 had strong association with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 genotypes (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.05) than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> and control subjects. This study provides better understanding of the mechanisms and disease susceptibility for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14 genetic variants and inflammatory mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s networks involved in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T09:35:39Z","timestamp":1528104939000},"page":"190-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of CD14 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphisms with inflammatory microRNAs expression levels in ankylosing spondylitis and polyarthralgia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"S. K.","family":"Vishwakarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lakkireddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sravani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. V. S.","family":"Sastry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. I.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research &amp; Translational Medicine CLRD Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre Deccan College of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad Telangana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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