{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T14:01:00Z","timestamp":1773324060510,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV)\u2010infected individuals may have a faster progression of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development when influenced by host, viral and environmental factors. Hepatitis C virus disease progression is also associated with genetic variants of specific killer cell immunoglobulin\u2010like receptors (KIRs) and genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The aim of the present study was to correlate clinical, virologic and biochemical parameters and to evaluate the possible influence of KIR genes and their HLA class I ligands in patients infected with hepatitis C virus. The present study analysed a total of 127 chronic HCV\u2010infected patients for various biochemical and genetics factors that can influence disease progression and prognosis. Liver function parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase (GGT), direct bilirubin (DB), alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP), HCV RNA levels and fibrosis indices were analysed using well\u2010established biochemical methods. At the same time, KIR and HLA genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction sequence\u2010specific primer technique. Analysis of HLA class I and HLA ligands revealed that HLA\u2010C*12:02 and HLA\u2010A3 and HLA\u2010A11 were positively associated with the F3\u2010F4 fibrosis group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.026; OR\u00a0=\u00a08.717, CI\u00a0=\u00a01.040\u201373.077; respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.047; OR\u00a0=\u00a02.187; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.066\u20134.486). KIR2DL2\u2010positive patients had high median levels of AST after treatment and direct bilirubin levels when compared to KIR2DL2\u2010negative patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.013, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.028). KIR2DL2\/KIR2DL2\u2010C1C1 genotype was associated with increased AST, ALT and GGT levels. A higher GGT level was also observed in KIR2DS2\u2010C1\u2010positive patients when compared to KIR2DS2\u2010C1\u2010negative patients. The present research demonstrates several links between specific clinical, virologic and biochemical parameters and the expression of KIR genes and their HLA ligands in HCV\u2010infected patients. These connections should be taken into account when considering disease development and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T01:12:00Z","timestamp":1600823520000},"page":"16-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical and histopathological changes in different KIR gene profiles in chronic HCV Romanian patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Larisa Denisa","family":"Ursu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunogenetics and Virology Fundeni Clinical Institute Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Calenic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Dental Medicine Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Diculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Fundeni Clinical Institute Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Dima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Colentina Clinical Hospital  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iulia Teodora","family":"Stoian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunogenetics and Virology Fundeni Clinical Institute Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Bucharest 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