{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:19:12Z","timestamp":1778807952641,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton and sacroiliac joints, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a role in its pathogenesis. Toll\u2010like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated in immune response and inflammation, but its genetic variations have not been extensively studied in AS. This study investigates the association between the TLR4 rs41426344 polymorphism and AS susceptibility and disease activity in a Turkish population. A total of 200 participants (100 AS patients and 100 healthy controls) were recruited. Genotyping of the TLR4 rs41426344 (G\/C) polymorphism was performed using real\u2010time PCR melting curve analysis. Disease activity was assessed using Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C\u2010reactive protein (ASDAS\u2010CRP) scores. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the association between genotypes and disease risk. The CC genotype was significantly associated with AS susceptibility, with an odds ratio (OR) of 10.000 (95% CI: 4.091\u201324.431,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0000001), indicating a strong genetic risk factor. Additionally, CC genotype carriers exhibited higher BASFI, BASDAI and ASDAS\u2010CRP scores, suggesting greater disease severity and inflammation levels. A statistically significant difference (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) was observed in ASDAS\u2010CRP scores between CC and GC genotypes This is the first study to investigate the TLR4 rs41426344 polymorphism in AS, and our findings indicate a strong association with both disease susceptibility and severity in the Turkish cohort. These findings reinforce the role of innate immunity in AS pathogenesis and suggest that TLR4 polymorphisms may serve as potential genetic markers for AS risk assessment and disease activity monitoring.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.70027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T04:50:22Z","timestamp":1763527822000},"page":"54-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Impact of TLR4 rs41426344 Polymorphism on Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity: A Study in Turkish Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Duygu","family":"Kirkik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamidiye Medicine Faculty, Department of Medical Biology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Hamidiye Medicine Faculty, Department of Immunology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevgi","family":"Kalkanli Tas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamidiye Medicine Faculty, Department of Immunology University of Health Sciences  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"Dogantekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Health Sciences Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mesut","family":"Kariksiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bar\u0131\u015f","family":"G\u00fcndogdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology University of Health Sciences Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Hacimustafaoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamidiye Vocational School of Health Services, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme University of Health Sciences  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahime","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara University  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1696"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.52559"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756\u2010185X.12619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.812774"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ITT.S89795"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577\u2010019\u201000257\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296\u2010015\u20103317\u2010y"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"1694","article-title":"Defining Spinal Mobility in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). 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