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Although automated complete blood count (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBC<\/jats:styled-content>) data are essential, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBC<\/jats:styled-content> information alone is insufficient for diagnosis. Consequently, morphologic review of blood smears is still relevant in the era of sophisticated automated analyzer systems. Pathologist interpretation of the peripheral blood smear, in conjunction with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBC<\/jats:styled-content> and clinical information, can provide rapid diagnostic information and guide cost\u2010effective targeted laboratory testing. Pathologist review of blood smears can be used to diagnose cases in which the clinical findings are misleading or nonspecific. Here, we discuss a selection of cases in which the pathologist examination of the blood smear can aid in rapid and accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment. Exemplary non\u2010neoplastic disorders with distinctive morphologic blood features of RBC, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes will be highlighted. The differential diagnostic considerations in blood smears with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content> destruction will be presented, expanding beyond microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Lymphocyte morphologic assessment guides differential diagnosis including the identification of rare germline disorders. In each case presented, the integration of morphologic features guided additional testing with confirmation of the diagnosis. Peripheral blood smear review is timely and cost effective, even in an era of sophisticated automated laboratory testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]],"date-time":"2017-04-27T01:40:49Z","timestamp":1493257249000},"page":"23-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Does morphology matter in 2017? An approach to morphologic clues in non\u2010neoplastic blood and bone marrow disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"D. 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