{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:56:15Z","timestamp":1788432975662,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Lab Hematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010CD38 therapeutic modalities (e.g., daratumumab) can impede classical CD38 and CD138 gating use for plasma cell (PC) detection in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with minimal residual disease (MRD). We assessed the applicability of CD229, CD269, and interferon regulatory factor (IRF\u20104) for PC detection in MM MRD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone marrow samples were collected from patients with MM. Through multiparameter flow cytometry, we evaluated the suitability of CD229, CD269, and IRF\u20104 for distinguishing PCs from other hematopoietic cells and compared their expression pattern on normal PCs (nPCs) and aberrant PCs (aPCs). We also assessed IRF\u20104 expression stability after sample storage under different conditions. A 10\u2010color MRD antibody panel was used to determine whether IRF\u20104 is an alternative primary PC\u2010gating marker for MM MRD assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>IRF\u20104 was expressed specifically on all PCs; its mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was highest on PCs among all hematopoietic cells. This MFI did not decrease even after sample storage at 4\u00b0C or 25\u00b0C for 72\u2009h. In all 42 MRD assessment samples, except for samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) with no PCs, the use of IRF\u20104 enabled accurate nPC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912), aPC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913), and nPC\u2009+\u2009aPC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097) identification. Even samples from daratumumab\u2010treated patients had high IRF\u20104 MFI, with no difference between pre\u2010treatment and post\u2010treatment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.610).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IRF\u20104 demonstrates high MFI on PCs, and it is not expressed on other leukocytes. In MM patients with MRD, daratumumab treatment does not affect IRF\u20104 expression. IRF\u20104 is a promising marker for PC identification in MRD assessment of MM patients undergoing anti\u2010CD38 therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.14366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T06:00:06Z","timestamp":1726207206000},"page":"110-119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interferon Regulatory Factor 4: An Alternative Marker for Plasma Cells in Daratumumab\u2010Treated Patients With Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6295-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianwen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang 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