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This was a cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based telephone survey. A total of 2004 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese adults aged 50 or above were recruited between 2 and 28 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ay 2007 to complete an anonymous telephone survey. The survey covered demographics, perceived health status and susceptibility to cancer, utilization of complementary medicine, family history of cancer, and cancer screening behaviour. The uptake of flexible sigmoidoscopy\/colonoscopy was 12%, of which only 3.4% had been recommended by health professionals. The effects of gender, a history of serious disease, perceptions related to health status and visiting doctor regularly on the flexible sigmoidoscopy\/colonoscopy uptake were mediated by a health professional's recommendation. 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