{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T16:22:06Z","timestamp":1791044526060,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Nursing Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe changes in prevalence of shoulder stiffness, back pain, and wrist pain during the first 6\u00a0months postpartum, and to examine the association of these symptoms with maternal age and parity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were recruited from 13 Japanese hospitals between 2012 and 2013. A total of 2709 (response rate 71.9%) women provided longitudinal data, using self\u2010report questionnaires at 5 time points: during their hospital stay, and at 1, 2, 4, and 6\u00a0months postpartum. Shoulder stiffness, back pain, and wrist pain were measured, using checklists with yes\u2010no responses. The effects of age and parity were assessed in 4 groups of younger (&lt;35\u00a0years) and older (\u226535\u00a0years) mothers: 983 younger primiparas, 481 older primiparas, 649 younger multiparas, and 596 older multiparas. Chi\u2010square tests and Cochran's Q tests were used to assess effects of group and time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence of shoulder stiffness, back pain, and wrist pain during the hospital stay significantly increased up to 1\u00a0month postpartum for older primiparas, who were also the most vulnerable to back pain and wrist pain at 1\u00a0month postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Special attention should be given to older primiparas in assessing and providing nursing care for physical symptoms, especially during the first month postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T06:56:42Z","timestamp":1524034602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Shoulder stiffness, back pain, and wrist pain: Are older primiparas more vulnerable?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Iwata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunie","family":"Maehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Sakajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Tamakoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11607.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-14-00248"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Low back pain condition and intervention in postpartum: First report of study of characteristics and relevant factors of low back pain by questionnaire","volume":"55","author":"Fukuyama T.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Japan Journal Maternal Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2008.1338"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2016.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.12069","article-title":"Predicting early post\u2010partum depressive symptoms among older primiparous Japanese mothers","author":"Iwata H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Japan Journal of Nursing Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Theory of perinatal mental health and case studies: Understanding mechanisms of postpartum depression","author":"Kitamura T.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Shoulder stiffness and feeding postures in postpartum women","volume":"22","author":"Koyasu K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hyogo Journal Maternal Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-61","article-title":"Finger joint laxity, number of previous pregnancies and pregnancy induced back pain in a cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Lindgren A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(02)02447-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/brhm.34.3.265.18812"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (Japan). (2013). [Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions \u2010 Fiscal Year 2013]. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/english\/database\/db\u2010hss\/cslc\u2010index.html(Japanese)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"Mori E.(2014). [Developing nursing guidelines for childrearing support in Japanese elderly primiparas]. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/minds4.jcqhc.or.jp\/minds\/childrearing_support_in_older_primiparas\/childrearing_support_in_older_primiparas.pdf(Japanese)"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Study on low back and posterior pelvic pain in postpartum","volume":"9","author":"Nakazawa T.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Comprehensive Nursing Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The physical therapy for complaints of postpartum women","volume":"4","author":"Okanishi N.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3418\/jjam.31.63"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31827443a9","article-title":"Pregnancy leads to lasting changes in foot structure","volume":"92","author":"Segal N. 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