{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T23:38:58Z","timestamp":1782689938015,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Nursing Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the effects of a virtual reality game or autogenic relaxation on pruritus, anxiety and dermatological quality of life in patients undergoing haemodialysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pruritus is a prevalent and disturbing symptom in patients with chronic kidney disease that causes a scratching behaviour with a vicious\n                      <jats:italic>itch\u2010scratch<\/jats:italic>\n                      cycle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a randomized controlled study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study was conducted with 47 participants at two haemodialysis centres between December 2021 and February 2022. The participants in the intervention group were informed about virtual reality games (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 15) or autogenic relaxation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 16). Data collection was performed face\u2010to\u2010face with the 5\u2010D Itch Scale, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and Dermatology Quality of Life Index in the first and third haemodialysis sessions in the first week and in the last sessions of the fifth and seventh weeks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scores of both intervention groups for the 5\u2010D Itch Scale and State\u2013Trait Anxiety scores decreased significantly in the fifth and seventh weeks, and Dermatology Quality of Life Index scores decreased significantly in the fifth week compared to the control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both virtual reality games and autogenic relaxation interventions, undertaken 1\u2009day before haemodialysis sessions, reduce pruritus and anxiety symptoms and increase dermatologic quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was registered in the Clinical Trials protocol registry system (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04289038).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T07:01:51Z","timestamp":1760079711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of a Virtual Reality Game or Autogenic Relaxation on Pruritus, Anxiety and Dermatologic Quality of Life in Haemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5081-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nese","family":"Alt\u0131nok\u00a0Ersoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Hacettepe University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imatullah","family":"Akyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Hacettepe University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tolga","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology Hacettepe University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eiyar","family":"Erdo\u011fmu\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology Baskent University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1634","article-title":"Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Aerobic Exercise on Anxiety, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis","volume":"8","author":"Amini E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555\u20101189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2022.866119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"Advanced Computational Intelligence Paradigms in Healthcare 6: Virtual Reality in Psychotherapy, Rehabilitation, and Assessment","author":"Brahnam S.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0000000000000330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13471"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000101940"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1054773818788511"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rssa.12607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2009.09586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0000000000000509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31067\/0.2018.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102230.1994.tb01167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S126615"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971\u20104065.132998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10244"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000127826.73576.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882\u2010024\u201003461\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.7588"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15598276221087628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0000000000000347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2015.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.13070"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Effectiveness of \u201cVirtual Reality Therapy Compound With Aromatherapy\u201d on the Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression and Stress in Renal Patients Under Hemodialysis","volume":"8","author":"Khoshkhatti N.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Health Promotion Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030\u2010017\u20100103\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744\u20106570.1975.tb01393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/178751"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6224\/JN.63.6.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1947\u20102714.118917"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1272230"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/g4h.2018.0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12071188"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Comparing the Effect of Guided Visualization and Virtual Reality Techniques on Cannulation Pain in Hemodialysis Patients","volume":"7","author":"Nasirzadeh A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jorc.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","volume-title":"Durumluluk\u2010S\u00fcrekli Kayg\u0131 Envanteri Elkitab\u0131","author":"\u00d6ner N.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.2018.37.2.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20104632.2006.02881.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S52985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03280317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20543581241238808"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18158188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299300"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/msnj.2023.217134.1068"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"The State\u2010Trait Anxiety Inventory","volume":"5","author":"Spielberger C. D.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Interamerican Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1014576505223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555\u20102732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201039709\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","unstructured":"Varvani F. P. D.Hekmatpou andK. S.Shams\u0131.2013. \u201cEffectiveness of Muscle Relaxation on Pain Pruritus and Vital Signs of Patients With Burns.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555\u20100452"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weisshaar E. J. C.Szepietowski F. J.Dalgard et\u00a0al.2019. \u201cEuropean S2k Guideline on Chronic Pruritus.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555\u20103164.","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12426"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijn.70071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T03:58:50Z","timestamp":1761278330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijn.70071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijn.70071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.70071","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1322-7114","1440-172X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1322-7114","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-172X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70071"}}