{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T07:30:22Z","timestamp":1766475022498,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Nursing Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review systematically evaluated the clinical effectiveness of direct swallowing training in patients with dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dysphagia has a high prevalence rate and can seriously impair patients' quality of life. Although direct swallowing training within current rehabilitation frameworks demonstrates efficacy, there remains a lack of standardised protocols and an absence of comprehensive systematic reviews that incorporate multidimensional outcome measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature searches were conducted across CNKI, Wanfang Database, CBMdisc, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. The keywords employed included \u201cSwallowing Training\u201d, \u201cFood Texture Modification\u201d, \u201cDeglutition Disorders\u201d and \u201cNutritional Status\u201d. The search period was from the establishment of each database to August 2025. Meta\u2010analyses were executed using RevMan software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 25 randomised controlled studies were included. The findings indicate that direct swallowing training significantly improves swallowing function, nutritional status, quality of life and reduces the incidence of complications in patients with dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review supports the development of standardised protocols for direct swallowing training interventions, providing evidence\u2010based recommendations for clinical nursing practice aimed at optimising patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.70084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T04:43:15Z","timestamp":1765428195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Clinical Efficacy of Direct Swallowing Training for Patients with Dysphagia: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4556-384X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijia","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1519-8832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peimeng","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4337-8433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayi","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5532-8156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guijuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973\u20109087.21.06802\u20107"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","first-page":"416","article-title":"Epidemiology and Correlation of Dysphagia in Community\u2010Dwelling Elderly Patients With Chronic Diseases","volume":"40","author":"An C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Influence of Ingestion Detailed Management on Senile Dementia Complicated with Dysphagia","volume":"33","author":"Cao L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Western Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Effects of Three Different Positions for Swallowing Training in Patients After Surgical Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"38","author":"Chang G. G.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3870\/zgkf.2021.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455\u2010016\u20109758\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28552"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jtxs.12596"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1329.2022.04011"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","first-page":"3375","article-title":"Application of Early Feeding Training Monitoring in Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Dysphagia","volume":"38","author":"Dong X. X.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Nursing Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254\u20101424.2023.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.08.482"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn211501\u201020200825\u201003662"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","first-page":"1869","article-title":"A Network Meta\u2010Analysis of the Effect of 13 Interventions on Dysphagia in Stroke Patients","volume":"11","author":"Han C. Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Nursing Research"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","first-page":"3942","article-title":"To Analyze the Effect of Stepwise Food Nutrition Intervention on the Improvement of Swallowing Function in Stroke Patients","volume":"21","author":"He Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Remedies & Clinics"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19842\/j.cnki.issn.0253\u20109934.2020.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254\u20101424.2019.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1329.2021.05007"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","first-page":"3590","article-title":"Direct Effects of Swallowing Paste Food Test on Early Functional Training and Feeding Behavior in Patients With Dysphagia After Cerebral Infarction","volume":"33","author":"Huo B. H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Nursing Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468\u20101253(17)30001\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.02541424.2017.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn221370\u201020210906\u201000120"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn221370\u201020190116\u201001373"},{"volume-title":"Construction and Application of Feeding Bundle Training Programme for Stroke Patients With Dysphagia","year":"2024","author":"Li Q. L.","key":"e_1_2_14_25_1"},{"issue":"33","key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","first-page":"3042","article-title":"Influence of Diet Details Management on Nutritional Status of Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Their Complications","volume":"23","author":"Lin T.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chinese Nursing Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.27138\/d.cnki.ghuzc.2022.000446"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1674\u20102907.2019.31.019"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","first-page":"934","article-title":"Application of Stepped Feeding Training in Elderly Patients With Dysphagia","volume":"10","author":"Lu W. J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Evidence\u2010Based Nursing"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Effect of Feeding Training Based on Solution\u2010Focused Brief Therapy on Swallowing Function in Stroke Patients With Dysphagia","volume":"45","author":"Qian Y. J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Navy Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1674\u20102907.2020.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967\u2010022\u201003380\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010018\u20105167\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19845\/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2019.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn221370\u201020220110\u201000540"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19793\/j.cnki.1006\u20106411.2021.30.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3870\/j.issn.1001\u20104152.2019.04.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Effect of the Reclining Position in Patients After Oral Tumor Surgery","volume":"58","author":"Umeda Y.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1674\u20102907.2018.03.013"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"To Explore the Effect of Feeding Training Based on Volume Viscosity Test on Patients With Dysphagia After Stroke","volume":"26","author":"Wang H. X.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Qilu Nursing"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","first-page":"486","article-title":"Study on the Effect of Oral Ingestion Management on Patients With Senile Stroke Dysphagia","volume":"18","author":"Wang X. J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Administration"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"Risk Factors and Predictive Model of Aspiration Pneumonia in Stroke Patients With Dysphagia Based on Quantitative Analysis of Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study","volume":"40","author":"Xiao W. H.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","first-page":"1429","article-title":"To Explore the Effect of Cluster Management Model Combined With Direct Feeding Training in Stroke Patients With Dysphagia and Indwelling Gastric Tube","volume":"52","author":"Xiong H. H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal for Clinicians"},{"volume-title":"Knowledge Graph Construction and Question Answering System Design for Dysphagia Care","year":"2024","author":"Yang J.","key":"e_1_2_14_44_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16151\/j.1007\u2010810x.2023.02.009"},{"volume-title":"Study on the Construction and Application of Process of Feeding Training Management for the Patients of Dysphagia After Acute Stroke","year":"2023","author":"Ye L. S.","key":"e_1_2_14_46_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12114\/j.issn.1007\u20109572.2024.0428"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1674\u2010635X.2019.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16252\/j.cnki.issn1004\u20100501\u20102019.12.005"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"Application of Quantifying Food Viscosity in Patients With Neurogenic Dysphagia","volume":"27","author":"Zhang X. L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Qilu Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254\u20101424.2021.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13939"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"The Relationship Between Nutritional Status, Anxiety and Depression and Quality of Life in Patients With Dysphagia After Stroke was Analyzed Based on Structural Equation Model","volume":"27","author":"Zhao W. L.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Influence of Diet Nursing Care on the Prognosis of Patients With Poststroke Dysphagia","volume":"25","author":"Zhou H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chinese Nursing Research"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Effect of Changing Food Characteristics Combined With Rehabilitation Nursing Intervention on Eating Safety and Nutritional Status in Patients With Dysphagia After Stroke","volume":"28","author":"Zhu M. F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Qilu Nursing"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijn.70084","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T07:28:53Z","timestamp":1766474933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijn.70084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijn.70084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.70084","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1322-7114","1440-172X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1322-7114"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1440-172X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70084"}}