{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:03:48Z","timestamp":1789603428608,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Southern California Direct Community Benefit funds"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal obesity, excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and breastfeeding are four important factors associated with childhood obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of the study was to assess the interplay among these four factors and their independent contributions to childhood overweight in a cohort with standard clinical care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cohort included 15\u2009710 mother\u2013offspring pairs delivered in 2011. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between maternal exposures and childhood overweight (body mass index &gt;85th percentile) at age 2\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mothers with pre\u2010pregnancy obesity or overweight were more likely to have EGWG, GDM and less likely to breastfeed \u22656\u2009months. Mothers with GDM had 40\u201349% lower EGWG rates and similar breastfeeding rates compared with mothers without GDM. Analysis adjusted for exposures and covariates revealed an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) associated with childhood overweight at age 2\u2009years of 2.34 (2.09\u20132.62), 1.50 (1.34\u20131.68), 1.23 (1.12\u20131.35), 0.95 (0.83\u20131.10) and 0.76 (0.69\u20130.83) for maternal obesity, overweight, EGWG, GDM and breastfeeding \u22656\u2009months vs. &lt;6\u2009months, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large clinical cohort, GDM was not associated with, but maternal pre\u2010pregnancy obesity or overweight and EGWG were independently associated with an increased risk, and breastfeeding \u22656\u2009months was associated with a decreased risk of childhood overweight at age 2\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,9]],"date-time":"2016-03-09T03:54:39Z","timestamp":1457495679000},"page":"171-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, breastfeeding and childhood overweight at age 2 years"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"Bider\u2010Canfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. P.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. P.","family":"Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consulting &amp; Implementation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Brookey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quality and Risk Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. A.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. 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H.","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.047738"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.29.12.1023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2007.01809.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.e29"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318278f56a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/541308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08837-2","article-title":"Breastfeeding and lowering the risk of childhood obesity","volume":"359","author":"Armstrong J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-1267"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.6.1298"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/12-031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000433006.09219.f1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.2707"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3420-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","volume-title":"Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3552"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.e465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.073049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.11.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.e221"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijpo.12125","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijpo.12125","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijpo.12125","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T01:33:13Z","timestamp":1696296793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijpo.12125"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijpo.12125"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijpo.12125","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-6302","2047-6310"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-6302","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-6310","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-11-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}