{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:41:18Z","timestamp":1790725278749,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000096","name":"NCMHD","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P60MD002254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P60MD002254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01DK29511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK29511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"NIEHS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30ES007048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30ES007048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Growing evidence indicates that ambient (AAP: NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      and O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and traffic\u2010related air pollutants (TRAP) contribute to metabolic disease risk in adults; however, few studies have examined these relationships in children.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic profiling was performed in 429 overweight and obese African\u2010American and Latino youth living in urban Los Angeles, California. This cross\u2010sectional study estimated individual residential air pollution exposure and used linear regression to examine relationships between air pollution and metabolic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AAP and TRAP exposure were associated with adverse effects on glucose metabolism independent of body fat percent. PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      was associated with 25.0% higher fasting insulin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 8.3% lower insulin sensitivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 14.7% higher acute insulin response to glucose (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and 1.7% higher fasting glucose (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Similar associations were observed for increased NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure. TRAP from non\u2010freeway roads was associated with 12.1% higher insulin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 6.9% lower insulin sensitivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), 10.8% higher acute insulin response to glucose (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) and 0.7% higher fasting glucose (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated air pollution exposure was associated with a metabolic profile that is characteristic of increased risk for type 2 diabetes. These results indicate that increased prior year exposure to air pollution may adversely affect type 2 diabetes\u2010related pathophysiology in overweight and obese minority children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T16:17:37Z","timestamp":1481041057000},"page":"54-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Effects of air pollution exposure on glucose metabolism in Los Angeles minority children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"C. M.","family":"Toledo\u2010Corral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health California State University, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. L.","family":"Alderete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Habre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Berhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. 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