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Latino patients had higher insulin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001), but similar glycemia both prepubertally and postpubertally, compared with Caucasians. Type 2 diabetes was uncommon (0.1%). Impaired glucose tolerance was associated to higher age, BMI, uric acid, and triglyceride levels (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), as was fasting hyperinsulinism. Impaired fasting glucose or HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4% showed no association with further metabolic derangement. A delayed insulin peak in the OGTT was associated to more severe metabolic disturbances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity\u2010associated hyperglycemia is unusual in our environment whereas fasting and late postprandial hyperinsulinemia are highly prevalent, with this being influenced by race and closely related with lipid metabolism impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T12:44:31Z","timestamp":1564749871000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Sex, puberty, and ethnicity have a strong influence on growth and metabolic comorbidities in children and adolescents with obesity: Report on 1300 patients (the Madrid Cohort)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gabriel \u00c1.","family":"Martos\u2010Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute \u201cLa Princesa\u201d Hospital Infantil Universitario Ni\u00f1o Jes\u00fas  Avenida Men\u00e9ndez Pelayo 65E\u201028009 Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute \u201cLa Princesa\u201d Hospital Infantil Universitario Ni\u00f1o Jes\u00fas  Avenida Men\u00e9ndez Pelayo 65E\u201028009 Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute \u201cLa Princesa\u201d Hospital Infantil Universitario Ni\u00f1o Jes\u00fas  Avenida Men\u00e9ndez Pelayo 65E\u201028009 Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Chowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute \u201cLa Princesa\u201d Hospital Infantil Universitario Ni\u00f1o Jes\u00fas  Avenida Men\u00e9ndez Pelayo 65E\u201028009 Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5826-0276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Argente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute \u201cLa Princesa\u201d Hospital Infantil Universitario Ni\u00f1o Jes\u00fas  Avenida Men\u00e9ndez Pelayo 65E\u201028009 Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CEI UAM + CSIC IMDEA Food Institute  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"S32","article-title":"Pediatric BMD reference database for US white children","volume":"36","author":"Kelly TL","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2013.00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407766-9.00006-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2007.00271.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.37.12.1595"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0246"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre Crecimiento y Desarrollo. 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