{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T11:06:02Z","timestamp":1770548762530,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Research findings of the association and its pattern between obesity and psychiatric\/psychological comorbidities are not consistent across the types of comorbidities or the study subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to perform meta\u2010analysis of cross\u2010sectional studies and longitudinal studies analysing obesity as a risk factor for conduct disorder in order to assess the association between child\/adolescent overweight\/obesity and conduct disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic literature search, study selection and data extraction were performed independently by the two authors. Data were analysed by Comprehensive Meta\u2010analysis software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of 13 high\u2010quality cross\u2010sectional studies including 79\u2009027 children and adolescents indicated a significant association between overweight\/obesity and conduct disorder among children and adolescents (OR 1.32 [95% CI, 1.18\u20101.49], <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> =\u200986.68), with no publication bias. Subgroup analyses yielded a significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) between boys and girls. Analysis of four low\u2010 to moderate\u2010quality longitudinal studies (OR 1.11 [95% CI, 0.89\u20101.38], <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> =\u200957.69) showed no prospective association between overweight\/obesity and conduct disorder. Subgroup analysis according to gender revealed a significant positive association for boys and negative association for girls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the high\u2010quality cross\u2010sectional data, overweight and obesity are associated with conduct disorder among children and adolescents, affecting boys more frequently than girls. Results of the longitudinal analysis indicated possible association in boys, while girls seem to be protected from conduct disorder. However, these results are very unreliable, indicating the need of well\u2010designed longitudinal studies to elucidate the pattern of association between these disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T17:21:52Z","timestamp":1608657712000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association between child\/adolescent overweight\/obesity and conduct disorder: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7741-2236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danijela","family":"Nuji\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanja","family":"Musi\u0107 Milanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for Health Promotion Croatian Institute of Public Health  Zagreb Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Andrija \u0160tampar School of Public Health University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Milas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Osijek University Hospital Centre  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Mi\u0161kulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vedrana","family":"Ivi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josip","family":"Milas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Institute of Public Health of Osijek\u2010Baranja County  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Taking Action on Childhood Obesity. 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