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Chi\u2010squared test and Pearson Correlation were used to assess the relationship between covariates affecting the children's sleep. Subsequently, longitudinal mixed model analyses were used to predict the effect of different sleep dimensions (bedtime, sleep duration, sleep quality, and the number of awakenings) on BMI Z\u2010scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children to parents born in Sweden, parents with higher education, non\u2010single parents, non\u2010smoking mothers during pregnancy, and children with fewer siblings, were more likely to have appropriate sleep habits at 1\u2009year age. A greater number of awakenings and nocturnal feeds, and particularly later bedtime (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.544,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) were linked to shorter sleep duration. Sleep duration early in life was negatively associated with BMI Z\u2010scores (adjusted effect estimate [95% CI]:<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.09, [(\u22120.15) \u2013 (\u22120.03)],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) later. In addition, higher birth weight, small size for gestational age, unhealthy food habits, children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and higher parental BMI resulted in higher BMI Z\u2010scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The child's BMI Z\u2010score increases by 0.09\u2009units with every hour shorter sleep duration, indicating that short sleep duration might increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children. Parental educational interventions advising appropriate sleeping patterns should be considered when implementing strategies to combat the development of childhood obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T08:14:48Z","timestamp":1665562488000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Childhood sleep and obesity risk: A prospective cohort study of 10\u2009000 Swedish children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4726-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ban","family":"Danial","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences\/Div of Community Medicine Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Faresj\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Fredriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1695-5234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johnny","family":"Ludvigsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.2.411S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709253371301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1993.1014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"764","article-title":"NIH technology assessment conference panel. 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