{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:10:42Z","timestamp":1791357042236,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents poses a significant public health challenge. In Pakistan, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity continues to rise, leading to long\u2010term adverse effects on health. Various external influences shape children's health behaviours and outcomes, with parents, peers, schools, and communities playing crucial roles, particularly during formative years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between 24\u2010h movement behaviour and overweight\/obesity among school\u2010aged children and adolescents, focusing on the intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and school levels from a Social\u2010Ecological Perspective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population\u2010based cross\u2010sectional study was conducted from 15 January to 15 March 2023, using a representative multistage random cluster sampling method. The study enrolled 4200 participants aged 9\u201317\u2009years and 3371 parents from 62 schools in central Punjab, Pakistan. Participants' body mass index (BMI) was classified based on CDC US 2000 BMI percentiles. Socio\u2010ecological factors were analyzed using chi\u2010square tests, binary logistic regression, and stepwise logistic regression to examine their associations with overweight and obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results of this study revealed that boys had 18.7% overweight and 9% obesity, while girls had 20.5% overweight and 13.2% obesity. Gender exhibited a significant association with weight status. A considerable proportion of participants did not meet recommended guidelines for junk food consumption (31.5% boys, 33.3% girls), physical activity (70% boys, 83.8% girls), screen time (37.7% boys, 41.1% girls), and sleep (55.7% boys, 54% girls). Individuals engaging in certain 24\u2010h movement behaviours exhibited higher odds of obesity. Specifically, consuming fast food three or more days per week was associated with higher odds of obesity (odds ratio: 9.95,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Engaging in physical activity for less than 60\u2009min per day, twice a week or less, was associated with higher odds of obesity (odds ratio: 3.47,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Spending three or more hours per day on screen time was linked to higher odds of obesity (odds ratio: 2.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Furthermore, being a short sleeper was associated with higher odds of overweight (odds ratio: 3.54,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children failing to meet none or only one guideline faced increased overweight\/obesity risk compared to those meeting all recommendations. Individual\u2010level factors such as eating habits, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep patterns, and unhealthy lifestyle choices significantly influenced body weight status. Urgent interventions are needed to enhance physical education resources and sports facilities in schools to create healthier environments and reduce overweight\/obesity prevalence among students, promoting lifelong habits of physical activity and improving health and well\u2010being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.13208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T08:51:53Z","timestamp":1741683113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Associations of 24\u2010h movement behaviour with overweight and obesity among school\u2010aged children and adolescents in Pakistan: An empirical cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Moazzam","family":"Tanveer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Training Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Health Services Academy  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Training Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4100-8765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgian","family":"Badicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity Transilvania University of Brasov  Brasov Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ejaz","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Health Services Academy  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexios","family":"Batrakoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics University of Thessaly  Trikala Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca Paolo","family":"Ardig\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teacher Education NLA University College  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Affective, Sleep and Stress Disorders Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Sleep Disorders Research Center Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"},{"name":"Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"},{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12698"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2017.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"World Obesity Federation.Childhood Obesity. 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