{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:59:46Z","timestamp":1785373186636,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023674","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP2\/129\/47"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP2\/129\/47"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023674","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Precision health represents an emerging paradigm in public health that uses individualised risk profiles to guide targeted prevention strategies. In childhood obesity, early\u2010life determinants\u2014such as genetics, growth patterns, family behaviours and environmental exposures\u2014can inform interventions tailored to the specific needs of high\u2010risk populations. Traditional universal approaches have shown limited long\u2010term effectiveness, highlighting the need for more personalised prevention models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review aimed to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of tailored and risk\u2010based interventions for the primary prevention of childhood obesity in children aged 0\u201312\u2009years, and (2) examine implementation characteristics and contextual factors influencing intervention outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched six databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHL). The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251103591). Eligible studies included RCTs, quasi\u2010experimental, or pilot studies targeting obesity prevention using tailored or risk\u2010stratified approaches in children aged 0\u201312, reporting anthropometric or behavioural outcomes. Data extraction and quality appraisal were conducted independently by two reviewers, with synthesis via narrative and thematic methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen studies met inclusion criteria. Nine of 16 studies (56.3%) reported statistically significant reductions in BMI z\u2010scores or obesity prevalence, with effect sizes ranging from \u22120.10 to \u22120.54 in BMI z\u2010score units. Eleven studies (68.8%) observed significant improvements in dietary intake or physical activity behaviours. Culturally adapted, equity\u2010focused interventions showed higher uptake and effectiveness. Key challenges included limited scalability, short follow\u2010up periods and fidelity variability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tailored, risk\u2010based interventions hold promise for reducing early obesity risk and improving health behaviours. Precision health strategies, especially those that are family\u2010centred and culturally sensitive, warrant further longitudinal evaluation to enhance equity and impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:22:56Z","timestamp":1784247776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Precision Health Approaches in Primary Childhood Obesity Prevention: A Systematic Review of Tailored and Risk\u2010Based Interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Walaa","family":"Badawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer Saleh","family":"Alshehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education King Khalid University  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