{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:59:46Z","timestamp":1785373186700,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK122700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK122700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DK103171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DK103171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK11840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK11840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD050625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD050625"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assess how changes in food insecurity in the first 2\u2009years of life are associated with overweight and obesity among children 6\u201311\u2009years old born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary analysis utilised data from the Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after GDM pregnancy, a prospective cohort of 1033 mother\u2013child dyads. Food insecurity was assessed 6\u20139\u2009weeks, 1\u2009year and 2\u2009years postpartum. Children were categorized as having persistent food security (food secure all visits), persistent food insecurity (food insecure all visits), or transient food insecurity (experienced both food security and insecurity). Overweight, obesity and severe obesity were classified using height and weight at 6\u201311\u2009years old. Linear and logistic regressions estimated the relationship between food insecurity groups and BMI percentile, overweight, obesity and severe obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 748 youth, 72% had persistent food security, 18% had transient food insecurity and 10% had persistent food insecurity. Compared to those with persistent food security, those with persistent food insecurity had higher odds of overweight (aOR\u2009=\u20092.81, [1.36, 5.80]), obesity (aOR\u2009=\u20092.17, [1.05, 4.47]) and severe obesity (aOR\u2009=\u20092.62, [1.02, 6.74]) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening and addressing food insecurity during early childhood may help identify children at risk for overweight, obesity and severe obesity among children exposed to GDM.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT019967030\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.70138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:01:56Z","timestamp":1785128516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Persistent Food Insecurity and Overweight\/Obesity Risk in Offspring of Individuals With Gestational Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8135-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keally","family":"Haushalter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaimie N.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeyi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan C.","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin A.","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Greenspan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0339-0166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jami","family":"Josefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica P.","family":"Gunderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. 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