{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:23:42Z","timestamp":1777465422917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,8]],"date-time":"2014-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 NS 07153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 NS 07153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Cerebral arteriopathy is a risk factor for incident and recurrent childhood AIS. There are no standardized criteria to quantify arteriopathy severity. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p> To evaluate a method of scoring severity of steno-occlusive arteriopathy in childhood arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and its association with recurrence. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> In a single-center prospectively enrolled cohort of 49 children with first AIS and arteriopathy, a composite cerebrovascular stenosis score (CVSS) was measured by two independent raters as the sum of stenosis scores in each of 18 intracranial large and medium arteries, where 0 = none; 1 = low-grade, 1\u201350%; 2 = high-grade, &gt;50\u201399%; 3 = occlusion, 100%. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to determine the association of CVSS with recurrence. The analysis was stratified by presence or absence of moyamoya arteriopathy (syndrome or disease). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> At a median follow-up period of 2\u00b75 years (range: 0\u00b78\u20139), 18\/49 children (37%) experienced a recurrence. Median time to recurrence was 0\u00b72 (range: 0\u00b702\u20132\u00b78) years. Interrater agreement was good, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0\u00b777 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0\u00b763\u20130\u00b787, P &lt; 0\u00b7001). Higher CVSS was associated with higher recurrence rate [hazard ratio (HR) per point 1\u00b709, 95% CI 1\u00b704\u20131\u00b716, P = 0\u00b7001]. Among those with moyamoya arteriopathy, CVSS was associated with recurrence (HR per point of CVSS 1\u00b711, 95% CI 1\u00b703\u20131\u00b719, P = 0\u00b7004), but there was no association in those without moyamoya arteriopathy (HR per point of CVSS 0\u00b791, 95% CI 0\u00b775\u20131\u00b709, P = 0\u00b732). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> The CVSS is a reliable measure of severity of steno-occlusive arteriopathy in childhood stroke. This preliminary study suggests that higher CVSS is associated with stroke recurrence in children with moyamoya arteriopathy. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,8]],"date-time":"2014-08-08T10:07:59Z","timestamp":1407492479000},"page":"213-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Predictive Validity of Severity Grading for Cerebral Steno-Occlusive Arteriopathy in Recurrent Childhood Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sally M.","family":"Sultan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute of New York, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Beslow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arastoo","family":"Vossough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitchell S. V.","family":"Elkind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute of New York, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott E.","family":"Kasner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at The University Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Mirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Licht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca N.","family":"Ichord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2791"},{"key":"bibr2-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20800"},{"key":"bibr3-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn313"},{"key":"bibr4-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500504"},{"key":"bibr5-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811408904"},{"key":"bibr6-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12228-3"},{"key":"bibr7-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.8.1488"},{"key":"bibr8-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087935"},{"key":"bibr9-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.583690"},{"key":"bibr10-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2009.01421.x"},{"key":"bibr11-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.05.002"},{"key":"bibr12-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.10.FOCUS11228"},{"key":"bibr13-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1969.00480090076012"},{"key":"bibr14-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000144441.29899.20"},{"key":"bibr15-ijs.12344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.634352"},{"key":"bibr16-ijs.12344","unstructured":"Stroke CDE Working Group. 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