{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:35:15Z","timestamp":1791257715350,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"SA100","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation-Medical Research Institutes"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Stroke symptoms are common among people without a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Reported stroke symptoms may represent stroke episodes that failed to reach the threshold for clinical diagnosis. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study aimed to assess in the Lebanese population the prevalence of self-reported stroke symptoms in a stroke-and transient ischemic attack-free population, and the association of these symptoms with major risk factors for stroke. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> We carried out a cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster sample across Lebanon. We interviewed residents aged 40 years and more. Stroke symptoms were assessed using the Questionnaire for Verifying Stroke-Free Status. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> We included 1515 individuals (mean age was 57.2 \u00b1 12.4 years, 783 women, 51.7%). Among 1460 participants stroke- and transient ischemic attack-free, 175 had experienced at least one stroke symptom (12.1%, 95% CI 9.9%-14.3%). Arterial hypertension (adjOR 4.37, 95% CI 2.68-7.12), history of heart disease (adjOR 3.34, 95% CI 2.00-5.56), current waterpipe smoking (adjOR 3.88, 95% CI 2.33-6.48), current and former cigarette smoking (adjOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.18-2.87 and adjOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.13-3.5, respectively), psychological distress (adjOR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.05), the Mediterranean diet score (adjOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.99), and regular physical activity (adjOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.26-0.77) were independently associated with stroke symptoms. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> This is the first study conducted in the Middle East, assessing self-reported stroke symptoms among stroke-free residents. Our study showed that almost one in eight residents without a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack has had stroke symptoms. Major vascular risk factors are associated with these symptoms, thus allowing for prevention strategies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T16:18:05Z","timestamp":1436890685000},"page":"83-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prevalence of stroke symptoms among stroke-free residents: first national data from Lebanon"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Rita","family":"Farah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Life and Health Sciences, Paris-Est University, Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rouba Karen","family":"Zeidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology Health and Biotechnologies, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirna N.","family":"Chahine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation-Medical Research Institutes, F-MRI\u00ae, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Asmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation-Medical Research Institutes, F-MRI\u00ae, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramez","family":"Chahine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Salameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiology Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Creteil, France"},{"name":"EA 4391, Excitabilit\u00e9 nerveuse et th\u00e9rapeutique, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ijs.12563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0"},{"key":"bibr2-ijs.12563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61689-4"},{"key":"bibr3-ijs.12563","unstructured":"15 Burden of Stroke 04 05 28 - cvd_atlas_15_burden_stroke.pdf [Internet]. 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