{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:12:30Z","timestamp":1780549950908,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,19]],"date-time":"2013-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the effects of partial bladder outlet obstruction on the cell's anti\u2010oxidant defense mechanisms, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in order to elucidate how the bladder responds to oxidative stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four groups of eight rabbits were subjected to partial bladder outlet obstruction for 4, 8 and 12\u2009weeks. Eight sham rabbits were used as the control group. The bladders were removed under anesthesia, and the muscle and mucosa were separated, frozen and stored at \u221280\u00b0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> for analysis. Superoxide dismutase and catalase assays were carried out on these tissues. The groups were also categorized by severity (mild, intermediate and severe) of decompensation, as well as duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When separated by duration, catalase activity of the mucosa was significantly higher in the control and the 12\u2010weeks obstructed rabbits. This activity was lower than the control in the 4\u2010 and 8\u2010weeks obstructed rabbits. When separated by severity, catalase activity of the mucosa was significantly higher and severely decompensated than the muscle in the controls. When separated by duration or severity, superoxide dismutase activity of the muscle was significantly lower than controls for all obstructed rabbits. The activities of both superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly reduced in the severely decompensated bladder smooth muscle, but not in the 12\u2010weeks obstructed bladder smooth muscle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Partial bladder outlet obstruction has significant effects on the activity of both superoxide dismutase and catalase in the bladder, with variations that are dependent on the severity and duration of the obstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,19]],"date-time":"2013-02-19T17:40:44Z","timestamp":1361295644000},"page":"1130-1135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of severity and duration of bladder outlet obstruction on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Connor M","family":"Callaghan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences  Albany New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Research Stratton VA Medical Center  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Schuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences  Albany New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Research Stratton VA Medical Center  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E","family":"Leggett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences  Albany New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Research Stratton VA Medical Center  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences  Albany New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Research Stratton VA Medical Center  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2011.01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005392-200101000-00072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Ischemic etiology of obstructive bladder dysfunction: a review","volume":"2","author":"Mannikarottu AS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Recent Res. 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