{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:38:40Z","timestamp":1776127120527,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]],"date-time":"2013-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male urethritis is a common disease for urologists, with the most common pathogens being, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>eisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>. When the tests fail to detect these pathogens, the presented urethritis is called non\u2010chlamydial non\u2010gonococcal urethritis. <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> is one of the pathogens for non\u2010chlamydial non\u2010gonococcal urethritis. The test for detecting <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic>, which is commercially available in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan, is not accepted by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apanese insurance system now. The detection rate of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> from patients with non\u2010gonococcal urethritis is 10\u201320% in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> showed that macrolide has the strongest activity and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of tetracyclines were not substantially lower. Some kinds of fluoroquinolones, such as sitafloxacin and moxifloxacin, have stronger activities against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic>. For non\u2010gonococcal urethritis, macrolides and tetracycline are recommended in some guidelines. In clinical studies, tetracyclines are less effective against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> than azithromycin, and azithromycin regimens including 1\u2009g stat or 2\u2009g stat are now recommended for urethritis with <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic>. However, macrolide\u2010resistant <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> strains have recently emerged and are spreading worldwide. This macrolide\u2010resistance is closely related to mutations on the 23<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>RNA<\/jats:styled-content> gene. Sitafloxacin and moxifloxacin have shown good efficacies for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> in some clinical studies. If the azithromycin regimens fail, we must consider the use of fluoroquinolones, such as sitafloxacin, in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan. The most important issues include the acceptance of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> examinations by the national insurance system and the individual treatment of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009genitalium<\/jats:italic> in the not\u2010too\u2010distant future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]],"date-time":"2013-04-16T08:34:46Z","timestamp":1366101286000},"page":"676-684","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/i> in male urethritis: Diagnosis and treatment in <scp>J<\/scp>apan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Hamasuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Occupational and Environmental Health  Kitakyushu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/499434"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010","volume":"59","author":"Workowski KA","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm. 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