{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T06:12:36Z","timestamp":1696313556301},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between varicocele and benign prostatic hyperplasia\/lower urinary tract symptoms in patients over the age of 40 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1040 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia\/lower urinary tract symptoms were evaluated for prostate volume, testicular volume, testicular consistency, total testosterone, total prostate\u2010specific antigen and body mass index. A questionnaire including International Prostate Symptom Score and a uroflow test were also carried out. The presence and grade of varicocele was determined in each patient by physical examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicocele was found bilaterally in 22.3% and unilaterally in 25.7% of the patients. There was no difference in terms of age and body mass index distribution between subgroups. When grouping patients for varicocele laterality, total testosterone (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), prostate volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) and total prostate\u2010specific antigen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) level were significantly different. Similarly, these parameters were significant between patients with grade 1, 2 and 3 varicocele. Total testosterone level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and prostate volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035) were found to be significantly different when patients were grouped according to testicular size. A positive correlation was found between testosterone level and prostate volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.084).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilateral and\/or higher\u2010grade varicocele is associated with lower prostate volume and testosterone levels, as well as lower prostate\u2010specific antigen levels. However, it is not associated with dynamic components of benign prostatic hyperplasia\/lower urinary tract symptoms in patients over the age of 40 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T23:55:38Z","timestamp":1406159738000},"page":"1268-1272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Is the presence of varicocele associated with static and dynamic components of benign prostatic hyperplasia\/lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly men?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Alper","family":"Otunctemur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emin","family":"Ozbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Katip Celebi University Atat\u00fcrk Training and Research Hospital  Izmir 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