{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T09:18:31Z","timestamp":1780996711855,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]],"date-time":"2015-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether botulinum toxin type\u00a0A can represent an alternative treatment option for patients with interstitial cystitis refractory to conventional therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a single\u2010center, prospective, open labeled, randomized comparative study. Patients with refractory interstitial cystitis were randomly divided into two groups: immediate injection (group\u00a0A) or 1\u2010month delayed injection (group\u00a0B) of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A after allocation. The rate of treatment response (global response assessment\u00a0\u2265+1: slightly improved), and changes in symptom scores and frequency volume chart variables were compared between groups 1\u00a0month after allocation. Using subjects of both groups as a single cohort, predictive factors for treatment response at 1\u00a0month post\u2010injection and the duration of response were explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 34 patients (group\u00a0A <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a018, group\u00a0B <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016) were allocated. The response rate was significantly higher in group\u00a0A than group\u00a0B (72.2% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 25.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). All symptom measures showed significant improvement in group\u00a0A than group\u00a0B. When both groups were combined as a single cohort, the response rate was 73.5% at 1\u00a0month, 58.8% at 3\u00a0months, 38.2% at 6\u00a0months and 20.6% at 12\u00a0months. The mean duration of response was 5.4\u00a0months. Multivariate analysis showed that past exposure to hydrodistension more than three times correlated with better outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A injection could be an alternative treatment option for patients with interstitial cystitis refractory to conventional therapies, especially for those who have received repeated hydrodistensions and transurethral fulguration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,3]],"date-time":"2015-06-03T23:03:43Z","timestamp":1433372623000},"page":"835-841","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A injection for refractory interstitial cystitis: A randomized comparative study and predictors of treatment response"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology 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