{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T23:48:11Z","timestamp":1775173691610,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,15]],"date-time":"2016-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin maintenance therapy on patients with intermediate\u2010 and high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer receiving aggressive complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors standardized by well\u2010trained surgeons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 95 patients were prospectively enrolled. Patients were diagnosed with multiple or recurrent non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer (Ta and T1), or with carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> after complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors. Patients with Ta or T1 tumors without carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> received six bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillations as induction therapy. Those with carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> underwent eight bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillations as induction therapy. The patients were randomized into maintenance and non\u2010maintenance groups. The maintenance group received intravesical bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillations once a week for 3 weeks at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillation. The primary end\u2010point was recurrence\u2010free survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 88 patients were evaluated. The average follow\u2010up period was 48.3 \u00b1 19.0 months. Five\u2010year recurrence\u2010free survival rates for the maintenance and non\u2010maintenance groups were 80.1% and 79.3%, respectively. Five\u2010year progression\u2010free survival rates of the maintenance and non\u2010maintenance groups were 92.4% and 85.3%, respectively. Recurrence\u2010 and progression\u2010free survival rates did not significantly increase in the maintenance group compared with that in the non\u2010maintenance group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin maintenance therapy did not improve recurrence\u2010 and progression\u2010free survival rates after the initial complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors compared with that after bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin induction therapy alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,15]],"date-time":"2016-07-15T12:07:44Z","timestamp":1468584464000},"page":"854-860","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Insignificant role of bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin maintenance therapy after complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor for intermediate\u2010 and high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer: Results from a randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Nakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"},{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Anai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobumichi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitomo","family":"Chihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Haramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Hirao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noboru","family":"Konishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyohide","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nara Medical University Nara Japan"},{"name":"Nara Urological Research and Treatment Group Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67707-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyg073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2005.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09891.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2009.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)43125-9","article-title":"Single course versus maintenance bacillus Calmette\u2013Guerin therapy for superficial bladder tumors: a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"138","author":"Hudson MA","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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