{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:57:17Z","timestamp":1791932237635,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,25]],"date-time":"2017-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Temporary drainage of the upper urinary tract by internal ureteral stents is a routine procedure in endourology. However, it is associated with a clear side\u2010effect profile. Our aim was to evaluate prevention and treatment options of stent\u2010related symptoms. We carried out a systematic review according to the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analysis<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    guidelines using\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEDLINE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCOPUS,<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and identified 107 appropriate records. A high number of these studies showed clear methodological limitations. Available data clearly support the use of \u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010blockers in patients suffering from stent\u2010related symptoms. It seems that antimuscarinic monotherapy or combination with \u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010blockers might also play an important role, whereas the use of classical analgesics in the treatment of stent\u2010related symptoms has not been assessed systematically within clinical trials so far. Improvements in stent design and material seem to have the potential to reduce stent\u2010related symptoms. However, so far there is no type of stent with outstanding characteristics and clear evidence suggesting fundamental advantages compared with a standard double pigtail stent. Although stent diameter does not seem to influence patients\u2019 comfort, it seems to be beneficial to choose a proper stent\u2010length. Coated and drug\u2010eluting stents, as well as intravesical drug application, seem to be promising concepts to prevent stent\u2010related symptoms, but still have to be considered as experimental approaches. Furthermore, thorough patient education has the potential to reduce the morbidity associated with ureteral stenting. Further research in the field seems to be mandatory.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,25]],"date-time":"2017-02-25T02:26:42Z","timestamp":1487989602000},"page":"250-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Prevention and treatment of symptoms associated with indwelling ureteral stents: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Betschart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Zumstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Piller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010Peter","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Abt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089277901750134421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"491","article-title":"Ureteral stents: morbidity and impact on quality of life","volume":"7","author":"Leibovici D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Isr. 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