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The diagnosis has been traditionally based on clinical evaluation, dye testing, cystoscopic examination and contrast studies. A successful repair of such fistulas requires an accurate diagnosis and timely surgical intervention using techniques that are based on basic surgical principles with or without the use of interpositional flaps. The method of repair depends on the type and location of the fistula, and the surgeon's training and expertise. The main complications are recurrence and stress\/urge incontinence. Prevention must include universal education, improvement in the social and nutritional status of women, discouraging early marriages, and the provision of improved accessible healthcare services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T10:03:07Z","timestamp":1501581787000},"page":"25-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Changing trends in the etiology and management of vesicovaginal fistula"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Muhammad A","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Madina Teaching Hospital University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Sohail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Madina Teaching Hospital University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad TB","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Madina Teaching Hospital University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nauman","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Madina Teaching Hospital University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeen","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Allied Hospital Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.32073","article-title":"Vesicovaginal fistula. 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