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A MEDLINE search for \u201cprostate abscess\u201d or \u201cprostatic abscess\u201d was carried out. Prostate abscess is no longer considered a consequence of untreated urinary infection; now, men with prostatic abscess are typically debilitated or immunologically compromised, with &gt;50% of patients having diabetes. In younger men, prostatic abscess can be the initial presentation of such chronic conditions. In older men, prostatic abscess is increasingly a complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate biopsy. Diagnosis is based on a physical examination, leukocytosis, leukocyturia and transrectal ultrasound, with magnetic resonance imaging serving as the preferred confirmatory imaging modality. Treatment of prostatic abscess is changing as a result of the emergence of atypical and drug\u2010resistant organisms, such as extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase\u2010producing enterobacteriaceae and methicillin\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . As many as 75% of infections are resistant to first\u2010generation antibiotics, necessitating aggressive therapy with broad\u2010spectrum parenteral antibiotics, such as third\u2010generation cephalosporins, aztreonam or antibiotic combinations. A total of 80% of patients require early surgical drainage, frequently through a transurethral approach. In the post\u2010antibiotic era, prostatic abscess is evolving from an uncommon complication of urinary infection to a consequence of immunodeficiency, growing antibiotic resistance and urological manipulation. This condition, primarily affecting patients with chronic medical conditions rendering them susceptible to atypical, drug\u2010resistant organisms, requires prompt aggressive intervention with contemporary antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,24]],"date-time":"2017-09-24T22:18:41Z","timestamp":1506291521000},"page":"103-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Diagnosis and treatment of patients with prostatic abscess in the post\u2010antibiotic era"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anne Lenore","family":"Ackerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Department of Surgery Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooja S","family":"Parameshwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Department of Surgery Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer T","family":"Anger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Department of Surgery Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-016-0153-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Abscess of the prostate gland","volume":"5","author":"Allison W","year":"1842","journal-title":"Prov. 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