{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:20:20Z","timestamp":1758633620106,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]],"date-time":"2017-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007638","name":"Kidney Foundation, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007638","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the utility and safety of high\u2010dose mizoribine combination therapy using cyclosporine and tacrolimus as calcineurin inhibitors in patients undergoing kidney transplant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study enrolled 156 patients who received kidney transplants in 18 institutions between 2009 and 2013. ABO\u2010incompatible and\/or pre\u2010sensitized recipients were excluded. Immunosuppression used cyclosporine (88) or tacrolimus (68) as a calcineurin inhibitor, and the dosage was adjusted based on blood concentrations. Mizoribine was started at 6 mg\/kg\/day, and the target trough level was 1\u20132 ng\/mL. Primary efficacy end\u2010points of this study were 2\u2010year patient survival, 2\u2010year graft survival and the acute rejection rate within 2 years after transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 2\u2010year patient and graft survival rates in the cyclosporine group were 98.9% and 94.3%, respectively, whereas those in the tacrolimus group were 100% and 98.5%, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. Rates of onset of rejection during the observation period were also equivalent, at 22.7% in the cyclosporine group and 17.6% in the tacrolimus group. Furthermore, groups showed no significant differences in transplanted renal function. No notable differences in adverse events were observed between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A regimen of high\u2010dose mizoribine in combination with calcineurin inhibitors basiliximab, and corticosteroids can provide effective immunosuppression while lowering the rate of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]],"date-time":"2017-10-25T05:12:39Z","timestamp":1508908359000},"page":"141-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High\u2010dose mizoribine combined with calcineurin inhibitor (cyclosporine or tacrolimus), basiliximab and corticosteroids for renal transplantation: A Japanese multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Sakai Hospital Kindai University Faculty of Medicine Sakai Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Ushigome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Watarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplant and Endocrine Surgery Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital Nagoya Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyokazu","family":"Akioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Omihachiman Community Medical Center Omihachiman Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mutsushi","family":"Kawakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Yuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Mito Medical Center Mito Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Nakatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Osaka City University Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.12.288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.12.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.27.775"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.2174\/092986730607220401123549","article-title":"Mizoribine and mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"6","author":"Ishikawa H","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. 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