{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T04:24:16Z","timestamp":1695529456713},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]],"date-time":"2018-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To elucidate the effect of prior use of ethinylestradiol on enzalutamide treatment for men with castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed data from 99 consecutive patients (median age 72\u00a0years, range 50\u201388\u00a0years) treated with enzalutamide for castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer between May 2014 and November 2015 after receiving several lines of hormonal therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 45 patients were given ethinylestradiol before enzalutamide. The prostate\u2010specific antigen response rate (decline in prostate\u2010specific antigen &gt;50% from baseline) of patients receiving ethinylestradiol and enzalutamide were 51.1% and 41.4%, respectively. Cross\u2010resistance between ethinylestradiol and enzalutamide was clearly observed in the setting of pre\u2010docetaxel. In multivariate analysis, the T\u00a0stage and number of therapies before enzalutamide were the only significant predictors of prostate\u2010specific antigen response to enzalutamide. However, in patients treated pre\u2010docetaxel use, prior use of ethinylestradiol was a significant predictor of prostate\u2010specific antigen response to enzalutamide, whereas ethinylestradiol did not affect the overall survival of these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010resistance between ethinylestradiol and enzalutamide in the setting of pre\u2010docetaxel therapy seems to be evident. Therefore, ethinylestradiol should be used prudently before enzalutamide in this setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]],"date-time":"2018-03-09T03:32:40Z","timestamp":1520566360000},"page":"464-470","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of prior oral ethinylestradiol use on the efficacy of enzalutamide for the treatment of castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer in men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Hakariya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Shida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki 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