{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:44:17Z","timestamp":1788468257208,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vesicoureteral reflux, retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract, is one of the most common urological diagnoses in the pediatric population. Diagnosis and subsequent management of urinary reflux have become increasingly debated in the past decade, with divergent opinions over which patients should be evaluated for reflux, and when detected, which children should receive intervention. Although some argue that vesicoureteral reflux is a \u201cphenotype\u201d that often resolves without intervention, others contest that untreated reflux has the potential to cause irreversible renal damage over time. Voiding cystourethrogram images the urethra and bladder during both bladder filling and emptying, as well as the ureters and kidneys when reflux is present, and is considered the gold standard for diagnosing vesicoureteral reflux. Once detected, therapeutic options for urinary reflux are diverse, ranging from observation with or without low\u2010dose antibiotic prophylaxis to a variety of operative interventions. Management should be based on a multitude of factors including patient age, risk of subsequent urinary tract infections, risk of renal parenchymal injury, a given child's projected clinical course and parental preference. Over the past two decades, investigators have elucidated many crucial voiding cystourethrogram findings in addition to grade that provide significant prognostic information and are useful in determining the best course of action for a child on a more individualized basis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T07:04:37Z","timestamp":1550127877000},"page":"440-445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["New trends in voiding cystourethrography and vesicoureteral reflux: Who, when and how?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Angela M","family":"Arlen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470000263"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.05.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2010.02.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-018-4045-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2590"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3239"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1330"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021698"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-006-0113-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.06.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2015.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.05.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3615"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401811"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.01.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1700993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2017.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"CD001532","article-title":"Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux","author":"Wheeler DM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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