{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T01:12:36Z","timestamp":1768785156417,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the outcomes of eight weekly bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin induction therapy after second transurethral resection, and investigated risk factors for intravesical recurrence or disease progression in high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 146 high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer patients who received eight weekly bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillations without a maintenance schedule between 2000 and 2019. Intravesical recurrence\u2010free and progression\u2010free survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pathological T\u00a0staging in the first transurethral resection was pTa in 56 patients (38.4%), pT1 in 75 (51.4%) and primary carcinoma <jats:italic>in\u00a0situ<\/jats:italic> in 15 (10.2%). A total of 109 (83.2%) with pTa\u20131 disease underwent second transurethral resection before bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin induction therapy, and residual disease was detected in 54 (49.5%). The completion rate of eight instillations was 82.2%. The 2\u2010 and 5\u2010year intravesical recurrence\u2010free survival rates were 80.7% and 75.2%, whereas the 2\u2010 and 5\u2010year progression\u2010free survival rates were 85.7% and 82.0%. Recurrent tumors (hazard ratio 6.5830, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0007) and residual tumors at the second transurethral resection (hazard ratio 4.0337, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0021) were risk factors for intravesical recurrence. Multiple tumors (hazard ratio 5.8056, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0302), pT1 disease (hazard ratio 3.7351, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0447) and residual tumors at second transurethral resection (hazard ratio 3.2552, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0448) were associated with disease progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accurate disease staging and disease elimination by second transurethral resection followed by eight weekly bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin instillations achieved good disease control. Our protocol (without a maintenance schedule) after thorough surgical resection has potential as a treatment option in the current bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin shortage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T08:11:22Z","timestamp":1639210282000},"page":"251-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Outcomes of bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin therapy without a maintenance schedule for high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer in the second transurethral resection era"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4999-8994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5468-7632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashige","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Osawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center Sapporo, Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachiyo","family":"Murai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30512-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2001.02306.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2009.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67707-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.10.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008300"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","unstructured":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. 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