{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T02:57:39Z","timestamp":1768791459409,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H05556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H05556"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K09157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K09157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17K11119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K11119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether a single intravesical instillation of chemotherapy is associated with improved oncological outcomes in patients with high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This multi\u2010institutional retrospective study included 205 patients with high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer who received adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received the combined therapy of a single instillation of chemotherapy plus subsequent adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy (combined therapy group), and those who received adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy alone (bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin monotherapy group). Multivariable analyses using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method and Fine\u2010Gray competing risk regression models were performed to evaluate the impact of a single instillation of chemotherapy on intravesical recurrence\u2010free survival and muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer\u2010free survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 205 patients, 130 (63%) and 75 (37%) were classified as the combined therapy and bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin monotherapy groups, respectively. Multivariable analyses using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method showed that a single instillation of chemotherapy was significantly associated with longer intravesical recurrence\u2010free survival (hazard ratio 0.279; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer\u2010free survival (hazard ratio 0.078; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Fine\u2010Gray competing risk regression model revealed that a single instillation of chemotherapy was associated with a significantly lower probability of intravesical recurrence and muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer progression, with an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio of 0.477 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008) and 0.261 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single intravesical instillation of chemotherapy may be a potential treatment option in patients with high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1652747112000},"page":"867-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Single immediate instillation of chemotherapy is associated with decreased recurrence and progression in patients with high\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer who receive adjuvant induction bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8284-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Urology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine  Hirosaki 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