{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:21:31Z","timestamp":1759159291049,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have analyzed the long\u2010term follow\u2010up data of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent high\u2010dose\u2010rate brachytherapy (HDR\u2013BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with long\u2010term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The objective was to determine the optimal time for cessation of PSA monitoring after HDR\u2013BT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 309 patients with clinical stage T1c\u2010T4 N0\u20131 M0 PCa who received HDR\u2010BT and EBRT combined with long\u2010term ADT between 2005 and 2018. We stratified the patients based on their prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) levels and identified the factors associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR) and clinical progression (CP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median follow\u2010up duration was 98\u2009months (range: 31\u2013207\u2009months). Among the 306 patients, 76 developed BCR and 47 developed CP subsequently. We found that the PSA levels at 3, 5, and 8\u2009years significantly correlated with the oncological outcomes of brachytherapy. No patient with a PSA level\u2009\u2264\u20090.2\u2009ng\/mL at 8\u2009years later developed BCR or CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our long\u2010term data suggest that in the presence of a PSA level\u2009\u2264\u20090.2\u2009ng\/mL at 8\u2009years later, PSA monitoring may be safely discontinued due to the extremely low risk of subsequent oncological events. The data presented in this study will assist clinicians in determining the optimal management strategy for patients with PCa following HDR\u2013BT and EBRT combined with long\u2010term ADT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.15289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T08:59:58Z","timestamp":1693472398000},"page":"1147-1154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patients with <scp>PSA<\/scp> below 0.2\u2009ng\/<scp>mL<\/scp> at 8\u2009years post high\u2010dose\u2010rate brachytherapy have an extremely low risk of subsequent recurrence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Minoru","family":"Nakazono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2599-8183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Urabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Iwatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kojiro","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Honda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Shimomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Miki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5673-1553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2017.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2020.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.10.097"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-021-00372-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network Prostate Cancer (version 1). 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