{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:05:47Z","timestamp":1789524347117,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of combining the SpaceOAR (SOAR) hydrogel with prostate brachytherapy, using colonoscopy findings to assess for radiation proctitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 731 patients undergoing iodine\u2010125 low\u2010dose\u2010rate prostate brachytherapy (LDR\u2010BT), SOAR was utilized in 394 patients (53.9%). Colonoscopy was performed for 97 patients (13.3%) to assess the presence, location, condition, and treatment of radiation proctitis. We also investigated treatment factors associated with the occurrence of radiation proctitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiation proctitis was observed in 57 patients (7.8%) and 17 (2.3%) were treated with argon plasma coagulation (APC). The incidence of radiation proctitis was 12.2% in the non\u2010SOAR and 4.1% in the SOAR group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In the non\u2010SOAR group, the incidence of radiation proctitis was 6.6% for LDR\u2010BT monotherapy and increased to 22.0% when combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). However, in the SOAR group, these rates significantly decreased to 3.3% and 5.7% for monotherapy and combination therapy, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). With SOAR, inflammation was observed directly above the DL in most patients (87.5%), and only one patient (6.3%) required APC. The absence of SOAR (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, HR\u2009=\u20090.29) and the concurrent use of EBRT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018, HR\u2009=\u20092.87) were identified as significant risk factors for the occurrence of radiation proctitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of SOAR significantly reduced the incidence of radiation proctitis in patients undergoing LDR\u2010BT monotherapy and combined EBRT. Inflammation primarily occurred directly above the DL; further examination is necessary to clarify its cause.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.15504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T07:04:26Z","timestamp":1717225466000},"page":"1001-1008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Radiation proctitis after iodine\u2010125 low\u2010dose\u2010rate prostate brachytherapy utilizing <scp>SpaceOAR<\/scp> hydrogel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Masashi","family":"Morita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Hiramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kota","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wahei","family":"Yanagida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yamatoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayo","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases Center Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Fukagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John L.","family":"Lederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery JABSOM, University of Hawaii  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10827.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae). 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