{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:41:25Z","timestamp":1791916885401,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of late biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients who underwent robot\u2010assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), with a specific focus on recurrences occurring \u2265\u20095\u2009years after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of 1106 patients who underwent RARP at our institution between 2011 and 2023. Among them, 552 patients were followed for at least 5\u2009years and stratified into three groups: No recurrence, early recurrence (before 5\u2009years), and late recurrence (at or after 5\u2009years). Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictors of late recurrence. Kaplan\u2013Meier survival analyses were used to evaluate long\u2010term oncological outcomes. In addition, comparative analyses were performed with a cohort of patients who experienced early recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 552 patients, 152 experienced early recurrence and 32 experienced late recurrence. Multivariable analysis identified lymphovascular invasion and seminal vesicle invasion as risk factors for late recurrence. None of the patients with late BCR progressed to castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer during the follow\u2010up period; whereas 11% of those with early recurrence developed castration\u2010resistant disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Late BCR following RARP is not uncommon and is associated with elevated risk in patients exhibiting lymphovascular invasion or seminal vesicle invasion. Patients lacking these pathological features may be appropriate candidates for de\u2010escalated surveillance beyond 5\u2009years postoperatively; whereas those with identified risk factors warrant continued close monitoring to facilitate timely intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T06:29:22Z","timestamp":1756103362000},"page":"1688-1695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Characteristics of Late Biochemical Recurrence Following Robot\u2010Assisted Radical Prostatectomy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Takato","family":"Nishino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Shimbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Oguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Narimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumiyasu","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Luke's International Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.17.1591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2023.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2021.04.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2003.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.01.867"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2016.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.15178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network \u201cNCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Prostate Cancer. 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